Neurodev/Neurocog Disorders
Neurodevelopmental disorders are those that typically arise during ______, while neurocognitive disorders typically arise in ______.
Hint: brain development versus brain deterioration
What is childhood and older age?
The names for the three clusters of Personality Disorders
What are:
Cluster A: Odd-Eccentric
(Paranoid, Schizoid, Schizotypal)
Cluster B: Dramatic-Emotional
(Antisocial, Histrionic, Borderline, Narcissistic)
Cluster C: Anxious-Fearful
(Avoidant, Dependent, Obsessive-Compulsive)
The two sub-types of Anorexia Nervosa
What are restricted type and binge/purge type
Classic psychoanalysis is based in drive theory; name the two drives
Hint: think Eros and Thanatos
What is the pleasure principle and death drive
The original diagnostic category of borderline was meant to signify someone who was between _____ and _____
What is neurotic and psychotic
Deficits in one or more academic skills: reading, written expression, and/or mathemathics; which is significantly (1-1.5 standard deviations) below expected age, schooling, and overall intelligence
Term for viewing self or others as all good or all bad
What is splitting
Name two of the family dynamics that are correlated with disordered eating
What is:
-high levels of conflict and/or dynsfunction
-poor communication
-inappropriate boundaries
-authoritarian parenting
-familial pressure to be thin
-less opportunity for (negative) emotional expression
In Melanie Klein's theory, the two positions which describe how people psychologically structure their relations to others and themselves
What are the paranoid-schizoid position and depressive position
The number of children prescribed stimulant medication in the US increased by ____-____% from 1980 to 1990
What is 200-300%
In addition to persistent deficits in social communication and interaction across multiple contexts, what is the second criteria for Autism Spectrum Disorder
Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities:
1. Stereotyped or repetitive motor movements, use of objects, or speech
2. Insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behavior
3. Highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity or focus
4. Hyper- or hypo-reactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of environment
The DSM-5 TR has a general definition for personality disorders.
In addition to "deviate markedly from expectations of their culture", name two for the four aspects of personality pattern
Personality pattern must be:
-pervasive and inflexible across situations
-be stable over time
-have an onset in adolescence or early adulthood
-lead to significant distress or functional impairment
The DSM-5 TR term for purging and other behaviors meant to make up for (over)eating
What are recurrent (inappropriate) compensatory behaviors
When someone understands their perception and/or behaviors as consistent with their self-concept and values (i.e. not deviant or distressing)
What is ego-syntonic
(as opposed to ego-dystonic)
Term for the widespread normalization of dissatisfaction with one's body image (be it weight or shape)
What is normative discontent?
(Rodin, Silberstein, Stiegel-Moore 1984)
Major neurocognitive disorder, also known as dementia, affects ____-____% of older adults over 65
What is 5-10%
Personality disorder that is characterized by extreme social detachment, restricted emotional expression, and indifference to praise or criticism
What is schizoid personality disorder
For a diagnosis of either Bulimia Nervosa or Binge Eating Disorder: one must engage in binge-eating at least ____ a week for ____ months
What is once a week for three months
Defenses are an unconscious avoidance/management of overwhelming anxiety and/or affect.
Primary defenses are those that involve the boundary between self and the outer world. Name 2 primary defenses.
Hint: think Klein's object-relational theory
What is:
-withdrawal
-denial
-omnipotent control
-idealization & devaluation
-projection/introjection
-splitting
-dissociation
What is structural/societal/cultural influences
Name six of the nine criteria for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder inattentive type
What are:
a. Often fails to give close attention to details or makes careless mistakes in schoolwork, at work, or during other activities (e.g., overlooks or misses details, work is inaccurate)
b. Often has difficulty sustaining attention in tasks or play activities (e.g., has difficulty remaining focused during lectures, conversations, or lengthy reading)
c. Often does not seem to listen when spoken to directly (e.g., mind seems elsewhere, even in the absence of any obvious distraction)
d. Often does not follow through on instructions and fails to finish schoolwork, chores, or duties in the workplace (e.g., starts tasks but quickly loses focus and is easily sidetracked)
e. Often has difficulty organizing tasks and activities (e.g., difficulty managing sequential tasks; difficulty keeping materials and belongings in order; messy, disorganized work; poor time management; tends to fail to meet deadlines)
f. Often avoids, dislikes, or is reluctant to engage in tasks that require sustained mental effort (e.g., schoolwork or homework; for older adolescents and adults, preparing reports, completing forms, or reviewing lengthy papers)
g. Often loses things necessary for tasks or activities (e.g., school materials, pencils, books, tools, wallets, keys, paperwork, eyeglasses, mobile telephones)
h. Is often easily distracted by extraneous stimuli (for older adolescents and adults, may include unrelated thoughts)
i. Is often forgetful in daily activities (e.g., doing chores, running errands; for older adolescents and adults, returning calls, paying bills, keeping appointments)
Name four of the five features of Borderline Personality Disorder
What are:
-Out-of-control emotions
-Unstable interpersonal relationships
-Concerns about abandonment
-Self-damaging behavior
-Impulsivity
Unlike Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa is not necessarily associated with disturbances in ____ ____
What is body image
What is the general achievement of the depressive position
Hint: may be understood as the internalized presence of a reliable caregiver
What is object constancy
Name 5 of the psychiatric drug classes
What are:
-(classic) anti-psychotics
-atypical anti-psychotics
-anti-convulsants
-anti-depressants (SSRI, SNRI)
-benzodiazepines
-beta-blockers
-mood stabilizer
-monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI)
-opioid agonist
-stimulants (adderal, ritalin, vyvanse)
-tricyclic anti-depressant (TCA)