Diagnosis
The classification system used internationally.
International Classification of Diseases (ICD)
This particular hypothesis says depression is due to a deficit in a particular neurotransmitter in the brain.
Serotonin Hypothesis
When symptoms return after medication is stopped
Relapse
The controversial study in which the staff of the hospitals were the participants, not the patients.
Rosenhan (1973)
Whether two or more psychiatrists using the same classification system make the same diagnosis
Reliability
Changing your behavior (positive or negative) because you know you're being observed. Specific to a patient.
Reactivity
The biological approach can indicate a higher concordance rate for monozygotic twins. This is also called
genetic vulnerability
The most common type of anti-depressant prescribed. You must know the full name to get points.
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
The study that looked at the genetic role of depression with MZ and DZ Swedish twins.
Concordance rates were higher in women than men and higher in MZ twins than DZ twins.
Kendler (2006)
Comorbidity of disorders makes this really difficult.
Reliability
Extreme disapproval of a person or group as a result of some characteristic that differs from the norms followed by other members of society. This is an issue with diagnosis in abnormal psychology.
Stigmatization
The gene that is responsible for transporting serotonin in the brain that is correlated with depression. (Caspi)
5-HTT
The most common type of therapy for treatment of depression. You must know the whole name to get points.
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy
THE kinship study. They looked at Major Depressive Disorder in grandchildren and their parents and grandparents to see a genetic link.
Weissman et al (2005)
Gender Bias
A change in weight and presence of headaches are examples of what type of symptom?
Somatic
The interactionist approach to explaining psychological disorders particularly discussed in the sociocultural approach.
diathesis-stress model.
Anti-depressants and anti-anxiety drugs may lead to this, often known as 'withdrawal symptoms'.
Discontinuation syndrome
The sociocultural study aiming to investigate how depression could be linked to social factors and stressful life events in a sample of women in London.
Brown & Harris (1978)
A diagnosis being highly reliant on self-reported data makes this difficult.
Validity
The ABCS psychiatrists use when describing symptoms of a disorder. You must know ALL 4.
Affective, Behavioral, Cognitive, Somatic
Aaron Beck says there are 6 types of faulty thinking which lead to depressive symptoms. Name 3.
Arbitrary inference, dichotomous thinking, exaggeration, overgeneralization, personalization, selective abstraction.
Beck encouraged his clients to find out which thoughts are associated with depressed feelings and to correct them What did he call this?
Cognitive Restructuring
Patients were randomly assigned to one of 4 treatment conditions: IPT, CBT, Drug, or placebo. They found that IPT and CBT patients reported significantly greater effects of treatment on their capacity to establish and maintain relationships and to recognize and understand the sources of their depression.
Elkin et al (1989)
The aim of Rosenhan (1973) was to test this.
Validity