Absolute Monarchs
Which statement best describes the impact of the English Bill of Rights?
It limited the power of the monarchy.
__________ is considered the key to the enlightenment known for his quote "life, liberty, and property."
John Locke
John Locke influenced the American Revolution through his ideas about
Natural Rights
Prior to the French Revolution, which group was considered part of the Third Estate?
Merchants, Peasants, Farmers, Businessmen
How did the Enlightenment ideas challenge absolute monarchies?
Since absolute monarchies derived power or claimed to gain power from God, the ideals of separating church from state challenges these monarchies.
This was the theological belief which justified the absolute power and authority of the monarch through the position’s connection to the direct will of God.
Divine Right of Kings
Which cultural development had the greatest effect on these events?
Some Features Common to the American
Revolution and French Revolution
• Establishment of basic human rights
• Replacement of monarchy with a republic
• Elimination of aristocratic privileges
The Enlightenment
What were colonists most angry at the Monarch for?
Placing taxes on them
What does this lead to:
-Enlightenment Ideas
-Abuses of the Monarchy
-Success of the American Revolution
The French Revolution
Which estate had the most power?
The 1st estate
What is one reason why Absolute Monarchies rose in Europe?
The church lost power after the Reformation.
The Baron de Montesquieu was an Enlightenment thinker who argued that a just government had its powers separated into three different branches. What made this structure of government appealing to supporters of democratic ideas?
It kept any one part of government from having too much power.
Why were the colonists beings taxed?
Britain had a huge debt to pay from the French and Indian War.
A consequence of the radical stage of the French Revolution was the
execution of the King.
The goal of the Enlightenment writers was to...
Limit the government from interfering with the rights of the people.
What king became France's most powerful ruler and boasted "I am the state"?
Louis XIV
This Enlightenment thinker wrote many essays, fictional works, and plays criticizing absolute monarchy, religious intolerance, and social inequality. He spent time in prison and lived in exile for much of his life. His ideas influenced leaders of the American and French revolutions. Who was he?
Voltare
This act passed a law that made colonists pay tax on anything printed on paper.
The Stamp Act
Which event was a defining moment of the Radical Stage of the French Revolution?
the Reign of Terror
What was the name of the man who led the Puritan Revolution?
Oliver Cromwell
What resulted from the Glorious Revolution in England?
England became a limited monarchy.
Helped create the first set of theories which asserted the necessity of a government to prevent anarchy. Created Social Contract Theory.
Thomas Hobbes
The Declaration of Independence is an example of...
a Social Contract
What was the Reign of Terror?
Mass executions of enemies of the Revolution.
Most Enlightenment philosophers believed in a form of self-government called...
Democracy