Spain
_______________ Catholicism was used in Spain.
Militant Catholicism
This Netherlands had a ______________ Revolution.
Commercial Revolution
What are two reasons why the English Bill of Rights was significant?
1.) It formally made England into a constitutional monarchy.
2.) It formally asserted the power of parliament
Louis XIV enforced an __________________ monarchy in France.
Absolute Monarchy
Peter the Great used _________________ techniques in order to make Russia look more like the Western world.
Modernization
Exchange of plants and animals between the Americas and Europe.
Colombian Exchange
Economic system characterized by free trade and the investment of money in business ventures with the goal of making profit.
Capitalism
Following the death of Henry VIII, the line of succession was _____, ________ & _______. Please also include the religions they implemented.
1. Edward VI (Protestant)
2. Mary I (Catholic)
3. Elizabeth I (Protestant)
Which title did Louis XIV give himself to emphasize his power as an absolute monarch?
The Sun King
List at least three improvements Peter made to Russia.
1.) Changing the standard for women's fashion
2.) Opening a warm water port
3.) Changing the Russian Calendar
4.) Forcing the cutting of Russian beards
Economic theory that held that prosperity of a nation depended o acquiring gold and colonies and exporting MORE goods than were imported.
Mercantilism
Business entity in which shares of the company's stock can be bought and sold by share holders.
Joint Stock Company
Belief that the ruler gets his power from God and not from his subjects
Divine Right
What was the purpose of the construction of the Palace of Versailles under Louis XIV?
Reduced the power of the nobility by forcing them to live at Versailles and rely on his favor for political influence
How did Peter the Great change Russia’s military?
He reorganized the military along Western European lines and created a professional standing army.
Which event in 1588 marked a significant military defeat for Spain at the hands of England?
Spanish Armada
After the Dutch revolted against the Spanish, the Netherlands became a ____________.
Republic
Give two reasons as to why the English Civil War occurred.
1.) Conflicts between Puritans and Protestants
2.) Conflicts between Parliament and the King
Royal decree issued by King Henry IV of France on April 13, 1598, that granted religious tolerance to the Huguenots (French Protestants) and ended the French Wars of Religion.
Edict of Nantes
What key religious action did Peter the Great take to reinforce his absolute rule over Russia?
He abolished the position of Patriarch (the head of the church) and created the Holy Synod, a group controlled by the government, which gave him more power over religious matters.
Phillip II attempted to enforce Catholicism by waging war on who?
1.) Queen Elizabeth of England
2.) The Dutch
Why were settlements in North America more profitable in the long run, as compared to South America?
Dutch & British = Focus on investments
Spain = Focus on religion
After the arrival of William of Orange and Mary, Parliament passed what two things?
1.) Petition of Right
2.) The English Bill of Rights
What was the key consequence of Louis XIV’s decision to make France the dominant military power in Europe during his reign
The eventual decline of France’s military power after years of costly wars
Why is St. Petersburg called "a city built on bones"?
Thousands of people died from terrible working conditions and diseases during building