England
Enlightenment
Kings
Other Empires
Other Kings
100
In the 1500s and the 1600s, the most successful English monarchs were those that did what?
Cooperated with Parliament.
100
Quote: “There never will be complete equality until women themselves help to make laws and elect lawmakers.” ―Susan B. Anthony, 1897
Which Enlightenment thinkers would have been most likely agreed with this statement?
Mary Wollstonecraft
100
In which of the following pairs of events was the first event a direct cause of the second?
a. A. Peter the Great visited Western Europe. / B. Peter the Great began a number of reforms in Russia.
b. A. Peter the Great began a number of reforms in Russia. / B. Peter the Great built a new capital city.
c. A. Peter the Great built a new capital city. / B. Peter the Great waged war against Sweden.
d. A. Peter the Great waged war against Sweden. / B. Peter the Great visited Western Europe.
a. A. Peter the Great visited Western Europe. / B. Peter the Great began a number of reforms in Russia.
100
How did Charles I show his intention of ignoring the 1628 Petition of Right?
Charles I dissolved parliament.
100
Why did Peter the Great wish to acquire a warm-water port for Russia?
to increase trade with the West
200
In the 1500s, major wars broke out in Europe between what two groups?
The Protestants and the Catholics
200
The passage “. . . all men are created equal, that they are endowed . . . with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness. . . . whenever any Form of Government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the Right of the People to alter or to abolish it, and to institute new Government . . .”
This passage was most influenced by the ideas of which Enlightenment thinker?
―The Declaration of Independence, 1776
John Locke
200
Name two things Henry IV as king of France did to lessen religious conflict?
Convert to Catholicism and issue the Edict of Nantes
200
What point was Parliament trying to make by executing Charles I?
The point Parliament was trying to make was that no monarch could claim absolute power in England.
200
The quotation.
“The [collection] of all powers, legislative, executive, and judiciary, in the same hands . . . may justly be [called] the very definition of tyranny. . . .
. . . it will be proper to investigate the sense in which the [protection] of liberty requires that the three great departments of power should be separate and distinct.”
—James Madison, The Federalist Paper No. 47 (1788)
James Madison was the fourth President of the United States and one of the nation’s Founding Fathers.
Which Enlightenment thinker most likely influenced the ideas presented in this quotation by Madison? Explain what this thinker believed and how his ideas relate to the quotation.
James Madison was influenced by the ideas of Baron de Montesquieu, a French Enlightenment thinker who believed that a balanced government was necessary to prevent rulers from gaining too much power. Madison said that having all powers in the same hands would amount to “tyranny,” showing that he was also concerned about rulers having too much power. Montesquieu thought that a balanced government should have three branches—legislative, judicial, and executive. Madison also mentions these three “great departments of power,” suggesting that he was familiar with the work of Montesquieu. Like Montesquieu, Madison thought that the three branches of government should probably be “separate and distinct,” a concept known as the separation of powers.
300
In the English Civil War, which group would have opposed the execution of Charles I?
The Roundheads
300
The Enlightenment idea most associated with philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
The idea that people form social contracts to protect themselves and their rights.
300
Louis XIV built the palace of Versailles; we can infer from his palace.
Louis XIV wanted to show off his power and prestige and spent a lot of money on the arts.
300
Which of the following conclusions are best supported by the map? Choose the TWO correct answers.
a. Under Philip II, Spain aspired to take control of the Holy Roman Empire.
b. Spain fought to end rebellions in the Netherlands.
c. The Spanish Armada was defeated off the coast of England in 1588.
d. Philip II sought to prevent the expansion of the Ottoman Empire.
b. Spain fought to end rebellions in the Netherlands.
c. The Spanish Armada was defeated off the coast of England in 1588.
300
Name two actions that Empress Maria Theresa took to reform Austria.
Empress Maria Theresa funded public schools and improved the tax system.
400
Quotation: “The state of monarchy is the supremest thing upon earth; for kings are not only God's lieutenants upon earth, and sit upon God's throne, but even by God himself are called gods.” ―King James I, Works (1609)
Which of the following people would have been most likely to agree with this statement?
a. John Locke
b. William of Orange
c. Louis XIV
d. Oliver Cromwell
c. Louis XIV
400
Enlightenment Thinkers Beliefs
John Locke ??
Jean-Jacques Rousseau ---> The only government with the right to rule is one based on the will of the people.
Voltaire ---> Christians should tolerate people of other religions.
Adam Smith ---> ??
Replace the question marks with that Enlightenment thinkers beliefs.
John Locke ---> If a government fails to protect natural rights, the people have the right to rebel.
Adam Smith ---> The best way for a nation to become wealthy is to allow free trade.
400
Describe Louis XIV's relationship with the French nobility.
Louis XIV feared the nobility to some extent and wished to limit its power. This sentiment is revealed in his elaborate court rituals, designed to keep French nobles from becoming too powerful or from becoming resentful enought to rebel, and in his appointment of many ministers from non-noble backgrounds to government positions.
400
Catherine the Great expanded Russian territory into
Eastern Europe
400
The passage. “That it is the right of the subjects to petition the king, and all commitments and prosecutions for such petitioning are illegal;
That the raising or keeping a standing army within the kingdom in time of peace, unless it be with consent of Parliament, is against law; . . .
That the freedom of speech and debates or proceedings in Parliament ought not to be impeached or questioned in any court or place out of Parliament;
That excessive bail ought not to be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted . . .” is most likely an excerpt from
a. Edict of Nantes
b. Declaration of Independence
c. U.S. Constitution
d. English Bills of Rights
d. English Bills of Rights
500
How were the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers influenced by the Scientific Revolution?
The Scientific Revolution championed the use of reason to investigate the natural world. The Enlightenment became known as the Age of Reason because its thinkers used logic and reason to examine society and try to improve it. In addition, the Scientific Revolution challenged many traditional and religious ideas, which helped pave the way for Enlightenment thinkers to look for new solutions to social problems.
500
Beginning with the earliest events, put the events in correct order: Gold and silver fund Spain's "golden century."/ The spanish take gold and silver from the Americas./ The Spanish claim the colonies in the Americas.
The Spanish claim colonies in the Americas./ The Spanish take gold and silver from the Americas./ Gold and Silver fund Spain's "golden century".
500
Describe the two methods by which Philip II tried to expand Spanish power.
Phillip II tried to expand Spanish power through marriage and war. By marrying into four different European families, he sought to forge new alliances for Spain. He also fought many wars during his reign.
500
What improvement did Frederick make in Prussia to contribute to his nation's success as a major power?
In addition to gaining territory for his nation through war and conquest, Frederick also made internal changes. He reformed the government, established public schools, and modernised laws. Frederick also improved Prussia's transportation system, including its roads, canals, harbours, and bridges.
500
Compare the reign of Charles I with that of Charles II.
Charles I ruled England from 1625 to 1649. He did not want to work with Parliament, but rather wished to rule as an absolute monarch. In turn, Parliament wished to place limits on his power. The conflict eventually erupted into civil war and Charles I was tried and executed by Parliament. Charles II, who reigned from 1660 to 1685, was much more careful in his relationship with Parliament. After the execution of his father, he realised that Parliament would not allow absolute monarchy in England. As a result, Charles II tried to work with Parliament, and England enjoyed relative peace during his reign.