Absolute Monarchy
Who was the Spanish king who sent the Spanish Armada to England?
King Phillip
What is a the difference between an Absolute Monarchy and a Limited Monarchy
an absolute monarch holds total, unchecked authority over the state, while a limited monarch’s powers are restricted by a constitution, law, or elected parliament
What developments led to the Enlightenmnet?
The invention of the printing press, the Renaissance, The Scientific Revolution
People are selfish, evil and greedy by nature, so an absolute monarchy is needed to keep society in order
Hobbes
Influenced the Declaration of Independence
Locke:This Enlightenment thinker believed people are born with natural rights such as life, liberty, and property, which influenced the Declaration of Independence.
True/False
Reduced power and privileges of nobles and other traditional elites is one feature of Absolutism
True
How did England's Queen React to a marriage proposal from a Spanish King
She rejected his marriage proposal and went on to destroy his fleet of warships, The Spanish Armada
Difference between Hobbes and Locke
Hobbes was pessimistic and supported monarchy while Locke was optimistic and
supported natural rights without monarchy
People deserve freedom of speech
Voltaire
How did Montesquieu's ideas Influence American Government
This Enlightenment thinker’s idea of separating government powers influenced the structure of the U.S. Constitution into three branches.
Name a European Monarch who can be considered an Absolute Ruler
King Louis XIV of France, King Phillip of Spain, Peter the Great of Russia
English Queen ruled for 45 years and was an enlightened Monarch
Elizabeth I
“I may not agree with a word you have to say but I will fight to my death for your right to say it.” -Voltaire
What concept is this?
Freedom of Speech
The government must protect its citizens’ natural rights, and people have the right to overthrow an unjust government
Locke
What is Social Contract Theory
This Enlightenment idea argues that government gets its power from the consent of the governed and must protect citizens’ rights or be replaced.
What is the Definition of Absolutism
A political system in which monarchs hold total power over the state
What was a result of the Glorious Revolution in England?
Establishment of the English Bill of Rights and a constitutional monarchy
What role did English coffeehouses and
French salons play
They spread knowledge and
provided spaces for people to
meet, debate, and exchange ideas
“L’etat, c’est moi.” [I am the state]
--Louis XIV, King of France
who would agree?
Thomas Hobbes
What were the Social Effects of the Enlightenment
Social effects of the Enlightenment included the end of serfdom, abolition of slavery, and the rise of feminism.
Explain the Divine Rights of Kings Theory
Monarchs believe their right to rule is given to them directly by God
What was one main purpose of the English Bill of Rights (1689)
To limit the power of the monarch and protect the rights of Parliament and citizens
A major concept promoted by philosophers of the Enlightenment was the need for
The use of REASON for rational and logical thinking
Women are rational creatures and should be educated and the best society is a society based on reason
Mary Wollstonecraft
What did John Locke and Thomas Jefferson believe the people should do if their government did not protect their natural rights?
Overthrow their government