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Absolutism
Scientists
Enlightenment
English Statebuilding
The Reformation Continued
100

Nicknamed the "Sun King", he is remembered for spying on the nobility. 

King Louis XIV

100

The belief that the earth orbits around the sun

Heliocentric Theory or Heliocentrism 

100

In his book Leviathan, he argued that people do not have a right to rebel against their king

Thomas Hobbes

100

They supported the king during the English Civil War

Cavaliers 

100

The major religious group in England in the years before the English Civil War

The Church of England, or the Anglican Church 

200

The word Peter the Great would have used to refer to is nobles

Boyars

200

He first described a theory of gravity 

Isaac Newton

200
John Locke and other philosophes described this concept, which described an agreement between people and their government 

Social Contract

200

He led the Roundheads and ruled the Commonwealth 

Oliver Cromwell 

200

This religious group had the most influence during the Commonwealth 

Puritans 

300

The ritual at Versailles which celebrated King Louis XIV's rising at the start of the day

Levee

300

He stressed experimentation and observation, and is credited for popularizing the scientific method in Europe

Francis Bacon

300
He believed that government should be separated into different branches so that no one part of the government becomes too powerful 

Montesquieu 

300

A period which lasted from 1640 to 1653 which brought about a political revolution in England. 

The Long Parliament

300

King James II was openly a member of this religion, which put him at odds with many in England. 

Catholic Church 

400

Catherine the Great went to war with this country to gain a warm-water port for Russia

Turkey

400

Through his study of anatomy, Vesalius was able to correct the errors of this ancient scientist

Galen

400

He argued for laissez faire economics in his book Wealth of Nations

Adam Smith 

400
A nickname given to the Commonwealth due to the very puritanical prohibitions but in place following the English Civil War

"The Rule of Saints"

400

Protestants persecuted by Louis XIV in France

Huguenots

500

King Louis's brilliant finance minister 

Jean Baptiste Colbert

500

He famously said, "Cogito ergo sum," or, "I think, therefore I am." 

Rene Descartes 

500
While philosophes used natural laws to reform society, this group of thinkers applied natural laws to economic reforms

Physiocrats 

500

This part of Parliament was abolished during the Commonwealth era

The House of Lords

500

Galileo was tried before this group because his theories of the universe contradicted Catholic teachings. 

The Inquisition