Russian Monarchs
Russian autocrat who sought to "westernize" Russia to make it more European.
Who is Peter the Great?
Known as the Sun King, this French monarch strengthened the power of the French monarchy, becoming the model for an absolute monarch.
Who is Louis XIV?
This king was the leader of the cavaliers in the English Civil War. Later he was executed by Parliament for treason.
Who was Charles I?
This English philosopher wrote Two Treatises on Government, stating that people consent to be governed and have the natural right to life, liberty, and property. Influenced Thomas Jefferson.
Who is John Locke?
Austrian composer famous for being a child prodigy, composing and performing music.
Who is Mozart?
This capital city was built by Peter the Great as his "window to the west" after winning the land from Sweden in the Great Northern War.
Louis XIV built this magnificent palace, which became a sign of the power and wealth of the French monarchy.
What is Versailles?
This man was the leader of the Parliament's round heads in the English Civil War who later became a military dictator under the title of Lord Protector.
Who was Oliver Cromwell?
The separation of powers into three branches of government with each branch having checks and balances on the others was originally an idea of this French philosophe in his book Spirit of Laws.
Who is Montesquieu?
German composer famous for his religious compositions for organ and piano.
Who is J.S. Bach?
Since his arctic ports froze in the winter, Peter the Great went to war with Sweden to gain a port on this sea, which could be used year-round.
What is the Baltic Sea?
As chief minister of Louis XIII, this man smashed the walled cities of the Huguenots and defeated the private armies of the French nobles.
Who is Cardinal Richelieu?
The return of Charles II (the party king) to the throne of England after the death of Oliver Cromwell is known as this event.
What is the Restoration?
Thomas Hobbes said people enter into this agreement, by which they give up their freedom to live in an organized society.
What is a social contract?
Spanish novelist who wrote Don Quixote.
Who is Miguel de Cervantes?
This German-born tsarina had her husband assassinated so she could rule as an autocrat, continuing the reforms of Peter the Great.
Who is Catherine the Great?
This document granted religious toleration and other freedom to the French Huguenot protestants.
What is the Edict of Nantes?
This event saw the self-exile of the Catholic James II to France and his replacement by the protestant William and Mary on the throne of England. (Bloodless overthrow)
What is the Glorious Revolution?
This philosophe argued people are basically good and that society places too many limitations on people's behavior (some controls necessary but government should be minimal). Wrote The Social Contract.
Who is Rousseau?
French painter who popularized the Romantic School during the 19th century.
Who is Eugene Delacroix?
The strength of this institution, which enslaved peasants to the boyars by debt, was strengthened under Peter and Catherine the Great.
What is serfdom?
The Edict of Nantes was issued by this king in 1598.
Who is Henry IV?
This document strengthened Parliament while also granting Englishmen the right to a trial by jury, the right not to be imprisoned without being charged for a crime, and banned cruel and unjust punishments. Heavily influenced its American counterpart.
What is the English Bill of Rights?
This philosophe exposed the abuses of his day, targeting corrupt officials and the slave trade. He was an outspoken defender of free speech.
Who was Voltaire?
These people were relatively untouched by the philosophy and arts of the Enlightenment era.
Who were peasants/most people?