Vocab
An attempt to defeat a bill in the Senate by talking indefinitely, thus preventing the Senate from taking action on the bill.
what is Filibuster
Powers of the federal government that go beyond those enumerated in the Constitution. The Constitution states that Congress has the power to "make all laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution" the powers enumerated in Article I. Many federal policies are justified on the basis of implied powers.
what is Implied Powers
Make up of the bicameral legislature: senate and congress
What is Article 1 of the Constitution
A large, complex organization composed of appointed officials
Bureaucracy
Limits the president to two terms or 10 years.
what is the 22nd Amendment
Someone who speaks or acts on behalf of an organization at a meeting or conference between organizations of the same level.
what is Delegate
Those areas of the federal budget that must be enacted each year by law and are not dependent on annual review by committees of Congress.
what is Mandatory Spending
Argues that separation of powers within the national government is the best way to prevent the concentration of power in the hands of one person or a single group.
what is Federalist 51 - Jame Madison
This case establishes the Supreme Court's power of Judicial Revie
what is Marbury v. Madison
Section 1 states that if the president dies or resigns, the vice president shall become president.
Section 2 states that in the event of a vice-presidential vacancy, the president will nominate a vice president who will be confirmed by a majority Congressional vote.
Section 3 states that if the president tells the president pro tempore of the Senate and the speaker of the House in writing that he is unable to perform his presidential powers and duties, the duties shall fall to the vice president as acting president until the president notifies them in writing otherwise.
Section 4 stipulates that when the vice president and a majority of a body of Congress declare in writing to the president pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House that the president is unable to perform the duties of the office, the vice president immediately becomes acting president.
what is the 25th Amednment
Role played by elected representatives who listen to the constituents' opinions and then use their best judgment to make final decisions.
what is Trustee
Legislation that gives tangible benefits to constituents in several districts or states in the hopes of winning their votes in return.
what is Pork Barrel Legislation
lists specific powers of Congress, including the power to establish and maintain an army and navy, to establish post offices, to create courts, to regulate commerce between the states, to declare war, and to raise money. It also includes a clause known as the Elastic Clause which allows it to pass any law necessary for the carrying out of the previously listed powers.
what is Article 1 Section 8
1819, Chief Justice John Marshall decided the limits of the US Constitution and of the authority of the federal and state govts. one side was opposed to establishment of a national bank and challenged the authority of federal govt to establish one b/c not expressed. Supreme court ruled that power of federal govt was supreme and a federal bank was an implied power.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland
Argued for an independent Judicial branch to check the other branches. It was originally thought to be the least powerful because there's no power of the purse or sword
What is Federalist 78
An alliance of various interest groups and individuals who unite in order to promote a common cause or agenda in a way that influences government policy.
what is Issue Networks
Vote trading; voting to support a colleague's bill in return for a promise of future support; often takes place on specialized bills targeting money or projects to selected congressional districts.
what is Logrolling
Supremacy Clause, which makes the Constitution, national laws, and treaties supreme over state laws when the national government is acting within its constitutional limits.
what is Article VI of the Constitution
case that established one person one vote. This decision created guidelines for drawing up congressional districts and guaranteed a more equitable system of representation to the citizens of each state
What is Baker v. Carr
A system of hiring and promotion based on the merit principle and the desire to create a nonpartisan government service.
what is civil service
A legislature divided into two houses; the U.S. Congress and the state legislatures are bicameral except Nebraska, which is unicameral.
what is Bicameralism
The president's use of his prestige and visibility to guide or enthuse the American public.
what is Bully pulpit
congressional pay raises are not begun until the next election
what is 27th Amendment
NO racial gerrymandering; race cannot be the sole or predominant factor in redrawing legislative boundaries; majority-minority districts. (1993)
What is Shaw v. Reno
hiring people into government jobs on the basis of their qualifications
what is merit system