Vocabulary
A rectangular steeped tower.
What is a ziggurat?
Who were the Greeks influenced by?
The stone sculptures of Egypt and Mesopotamia.
Which Roman discovery wan a major contribution to architecture?
concrete
The art that is best known from this Eastern culture is _____ work.
mosaic
The Mesopotamian civilizations formed in a valley that lacked _________ of deserts and mountains that protected Egypt.
the natural barriers
A style which uses the status of figures or objects to determine their relative sized within an artwork.
What is a hierarchical scale?
Name two Greek columns.
Doric and Ionic
Why did the Romans create relief sculptures?
For funerary purposes.
What are mosaics?
Art in which small ceramic tiles, pieces of stone, or glass were set into a ground material to create large murals.
From around 4000 BCE, the _______ in Mesopotamia created impressive sculptures and buildings.
A technique where figures are presented so that each part of the body is shown as clearly as possible.
What is fractional representation?
Architecture declined during the ________.
Late Classical Period
The art of Romans had an influence on the art of the _________.
Middle Ages
While metalwork was popular with the Germanic peoples, ____ was the most important medium to the ______, who carved artistic designs and sculptures on their wooden ships.
_______ assimilated Sumerian culture.
Akkadians
A pose that was invented to show the body to its best advantage.
What is contrapposto, or counter positioning?
What did the Middle Classical Period witness?
Important advances in architecture.
What form did the Romans use to build bridges and aqueducts?
arch
An arch-shaped structure that is used as a ceiling or as a support to a roof.
What is a vault?
Why did Akkadian rule come to an end?
Guti, barbarous mountaineers, invaded and took control.
A framework of thin stone ribs or arches built under the intersection of the vaulted sections of the ceiling.
What are ribbed vaults?
Which temple restored in 447 BCE after being destroyed by the Persians in 480 BCE?
Parthenon
Colossal triumphal arches would be topped with ________.
relief sculptures portraying Roman emperors or Roman military victories
The ______ style developed in the first half of the twelfth century and remained popular into the sixteenth century.
While the _____, _____, and _____ cultures grew in southern Mesopotamia, the _______ dominated in the north.
Sumerian; Akkadian; Babylonian
Assyrians