Altruistic Behavior
An adjective that decribes something that is given or felt by each toward the other
Reciprocal
His visit also included a reciprocal invitation that the pope plans to follow up on in late May.
having or representing the earth as a center
geocentric
Christopher Columbus was of What decent?
Italian
full of or shedding light; bright or shining, especially in the dark.
luminous
"he wore luminous green socks"
An introductory phrase you can use to start your response in a TOELF speaking test that describes your feelings about a passage
• I definitely think/believe/feel that…
• Personally, I strongly believe that…
• Personally speaking, I feel that…
• I've never thought about this before, but…
• To be honest, I have to say that…
"a piece of cake"
Usually used in independent speaking
questions, this idiom implies that
something is simple and easy.
"This question is a piece of cake."
Behaviors that lower the fitness of the individual but increase the fitness of another individual are termed?
Altruistic
Which theory says that the force of attraction between two bodies is proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them …
gravitational theory
Hispaniola is composed of what modern day countries
Haiti and the Dominican Republic
a layer of something that covers a surface:
mantle
A thick mantle of snow lay on the ground.
A transitional phase you can use to give an example that supports the point you are making
• Take as an example...
• One example of this is...
• I remember when...
• I once heard about...
• I will never forget when...
"comes down to"
This phrasal verb precedes the most
important or essential point.
"Whether or not students should wear school
uniforms comes down to the opinion of the
students."
(Suricata suricatta) or suricate is a small mongoose found in southern Africa. It is characterised by a broad head, large eyes, a pointed snout
Meerkats
the Polish astronomer who promulgated the now accepted theory that the earth and the other planets move around the sun
Copernicus
to assert the contrary or opposite of; deny directly and categorically
contradict
Columbus held to his claim that the lands he had traveled to were part of the Asian continent, even though there was a mounting amount of evidence that contradicted his belief.
a range of different positions, opinions, etc. between two extreme points
Spectrum
The group includes students from both ends of the social spectrum (= range of socialclasses
A phase you can use to conclude your speaking response
#1
• So, that’s why...
• As you can see...
• To make a long story short...
#2
• These are the main reasons why the woman...
• So, just to sum up...
• As you can see, the man/woman in the listening clearly agrees/disagrees with this plan.
#3
• After listening, I now have a better understanding of…
• So, the main points of the lecture come down to...
• Just to wrap things up, the lecturer explained…
#4
• In conclusion, the professor clearly has a firm understanding of...
• So, to conclude, the lecturer...
• In a nutshell, the professor...
#5
"on top of that"
This phrase is used to add another
point or reason, similar to the expression “in
addition to.”
"On top of that, school uniforms do not take into
account the different personalities of each student."
a fact, occurrence, or circumstance observed or observable
phenomenon
This phenomenon can explain many superficially altruistic behaviors seen in
animals. However, these behaviors may not be truly defined as altruism in these cases because the actor
is actually increasing its own fitness either directly (through its own offspring) or indirectly (through the
inclusive fitness it gains through relatives that share genes with it).
when something is measured or considered as being seen from the center of the sun.
heliocentric
Name another Italian who sailed for the Portuguese crown, who explored the South American
coastline between 1499 and 1502
Amerigo Vespucci
In which country did the Murchison Meteorite land? Canada, Australia or Mexico?
Australia
A transitional phrase that refers to the reading passage
• According to the reading...
• The reading passage starts off by saying that...
• The author of the reading passage claims...
• The short text mentions that...
• In the reading...
"(not) crazy about" or "not a big fan of"
Both of these expressions have similar
meanings and are used in similar contexts. If
you “are not crazy about” or “not a big fan
of” something, it is a polite way to imply that
you do not really like it.
"The man in the conversation isn’t crazy about the
change on campus."
"I’m not really a big fan of uniforms, especially high
school uniforms."
Emperor penguins migrate miles in harsh conditions to bring food back for their young. This is an illustration of Altruistic behavior or the selfish gene?
Both
the planet seventh in order from the sun, having an equatorial diameter of 32,600 miles (56,460 km)
Uranus
When Columbus set out on his explorations he expected to find which continent?
Asia
In which country did the Tagish Meteorite land? Canada, Australia or Mexico?
Canada
A transitional phrase that refers to or introduces your option.
• In my opinion...
• I do believe that...
• I definitely think that...
• If I were asked, I would say that...
• To be honest...
"a no brainer"
Similar to “a piece of cake,” this idiom is
used to express that something is easy
and simple.
"For me, this question is a no brainer. Clearly,
high school students should not wear school
uniforms."