Medieval Art
The meaning of The Crucifixion (use formal analysis).
Who is the emphasis on Jesus is the most important thing in the painting. This piece is symmetrically balanced because people are evenly distributed on each side of the painting. Jesus's sacrifice helped his apostles spread his beliefs and teachings into parts of the world, causing people to believe in him. Jesus's teachings influenced the church and caused the main religion in Europe to believe in Christianity. This painting is about Jesus's sacrifice to his people in order to keep peace in the world.
The meaning of Rue Saint Lazare (use formal analysis).
What is the painting is asymmetrically balanced because the angle where the viewer is looking is at an odd angle (meaning not parallel to the ground) and the buildings get smaller as it gets to the middle of the painting. The colors used give off a feeling of gloominess and awry.
This class was made up of people who were vassals under a lord and were paid (in the form of land) to protect the land for their king.
What is Knights/fighters/soldiers?
This class makes up most of the people in the industrial society and is most often seen working in factories making not a lot of money.
What is the working class?
Industrial society had a lot of paintings about Jesus while medieval society had paintings about life.
False; a lot of industrial art was about everyday life or expressionism. Paintings like Rue Saint Lazare and The Port of Rouen 2 showed what people did every day. Medieval art had some paintings about everyday life- The Harvesters, Effects of Good Government in the City- that showed what life was like in medieval society- but art was, predominantly, religious and had symbolism to Jesus because religion was a big staple in medieval society. (The Crucifixion had heavy symbolism about Jesus.)
Name two principles of design (___ and ___) and one element of art and describe how they were used in The Crucifixion
What is
Pattern- Wall in the background
Balance- Even distribution of people makes the painting feel symmetrically balanced
Emphasis- Jesus is in the middle, making him the main focus of the painting
Unity- Use of primary colors (red, yellow, and blue)
Shape/form- the wall in the back is made up of rectangles
Color- Reds, yellows, and blues were used a lot
Value- Some of the clothing goes from light to dark
Name two elements of art (___ and ___) and one principle of design and describe how they were used in Rue Saint Lazare.
What is
Form/Shape- buildings and carriages are made of rectangles
Color- Different uses of hues and neutral colors feel like a chaotic place.
Space- The buildings get smaller and grayer over time as you follow the direction of the road like how the end of the road feels far away in the painting.
Variety- Different colors and textures
Unity- Hues/values in colors
Pattern- Buildings get smaller and smaller
The group of people who had more power than the serfs and mostly lived in cities.
Who is the aristocracy/nobles?
This place was mostly populated in the industrial era.
What is a city?
The majority of people in medieval society lived in cities rather than the industrial society where most people lived in fields.
False; serfs live in rural areas like farmlands or fields. Though there were people (nobles) who lived in cities, the city was not popular during medieval times. The industrial era had people living in cities because a lot of opportunities (jobs) were being offered. Some people lived in rural areas to help grow crops but the majority of people lived in the city.
A connection between medieval art and medieval society
What was the art that was published in medieval times was religious or paintings of people in power. There was not a lot of art showing what people were doing in life. The church commissioned artists to make art about Jesus because Christianity was an important factor in people's lives and the church's influence was large, even greater than a king. Society was the same for a long time with little to no changes in how people were living or the jobs people worked. A lot of people grew up learning the same thing over and over again because there would be no changes to how society was run.
Name a principle of design and a principle of design (___ and ___) and describe how they were used in The Port of Ruen 2.
What is
Movement- Smoke and water
Unity- Hues/saturation in colors make the mood feel calm and less chaotic
Variety- The use of different hues and value contrast in the painting feels less chaotic.
This class makes up most of a kingdom's population, where they work on the lord's land by gathering crops and in return get protection from the lord.
What is a serf?
A lot of ___ was commonly found in the city than the fields which drove a lot of people to work in the city.
What is Jobs?
Medieval society and Industrial society had a class system that separated people into different hierarchies.
True; medieval society had a class system- serfs, aristocracy, and king- and each class had its own job. This is similar to the industrial society- the working class, the middle class, and the wealthy, who do almost the same jobs. Though these eras have similar classes, they have their own differences, one being how serfs do not get money for working on lord's fields while the working class gets some form of money.
In Effects of Good Government in the City, these principles of designs (___ and ___) were used. (Name 2 principles of design)
What is
Balance- People are evenly distributed on each side of the artwork
Variety- Uses of different colors and textures
Movement- The direction of where the people are moving makes your eyes want to go in that direction
The meaning of The Port of Rouen 2 (use formal analysis).
What is The Port of Rouen 2 is about people working at Rouen and what life was like. The movement in the river and smoke along with the different hues make the mood feel calm. The artist wanted to show a painting about what life was like in Rouen, France.
This class is made up of people who worship Christianity in a building, surrounded by paintings or glass artworks of Jesus, and (in some European kingdoms) have more power than the king.
Who is the Church?
Factory work required the working class to work for long hours and have less ___ ___ to take breaks and do whatever they wanted.
What is leisure time?
Painters in medieval society were there, painting certain events in the Bible while industrial artists imagined what everyday life looked like.
False; scenes of famous parts from the bible happened many years ago. The artists do not know what Jesus or Maddnona looked like nor what events like the crucifixion looked like. (There is no way the painter for The Crucifixion saw what happened when Jesus was crucified.) Industrial artists painted their paintings to make it like the viewer was there in the painting. (Pissaro had to be in Rouen, France, to be able to replicate what the port looked like.)
The meaning of Effects of Good government in the City (use formal analysis).
What is the different hues of colors add unity to the painting to show how the city is calm. The even distribution of the townsfolk makes the painting symmetrically balanced and stable. Cities back then did not have a lot of people because a majority of a kingdom's population was in rural areas. The people who lived in cities were nobles. People who lived in Medieval cities rarely saw what most of the population were doing or never went beyond city walls. This fresco is about what a medieval city would be like if people governed the city well.
A connection between Industrial art and industrial society.
What was the art that was published was about the everyday life of people was a sudden change in society. The views on society never changed because people were used to doing the same thing (working in the fields, living in rural areas, etc.) for over five hundred years yet nothing changed. A lot of artwork never changed because it was the same paintings (religious or people of power) and any art showing the life people went through was rare. When the industrial era started, the arts changed. From paintings of the rich to a painting of people going into factories, it piqued artists' interest in painting everyday life. Society during the industrial era was changing fast with new technology and the cities gaining a big jump in population. Seeing this sudden shift in society made artists of that time make art of what the lives of people looked like.
This system was used during the medieval period where people were given land and protection by the aristocracy and, in return, worked and served under them.
What is feudalism?
This place had terrible living conditions, most poor people often lived in these areas, had little access to basic needs, and multiple families were crammed in a small room.
What is Slums?
Serfs can work at any time and can spend as much time as they want to do whatever they want while the working class have a limited time on how long they can do whatever they want
True; the working class has a set of rules that make it so that they have to be at work on time. Their time to do whatever they want is very short, considering that they have to work 10+ hours at a factory. Serfs do not have a lot of restrictive rules that impact how long they have to work or how much time they have to do whatever they want.