Waves
A unique set of wavelengths given off by a substance.
What is an emission spectrum?
The shape formed when all energy levels containing electrons are combined.
What is a sphere?
The second smaller division of electron locations.
What is a sublevel?
Way of describing the behavior of visible objects that are traveling at ordinary veocities.
What is Newtonian Mechanics?
An abbreviated way of showing the arrangement of the electrons in an atom using letters and numbers that starts with a noble gas.
What is a shortened electron configuration?
Way of representing an atom with a positively charged nucleus and electrons that move around the nucleus, passing through the points of high probability more often than any other points.
What is the electron cloud model?
Members of column VIA on the periodic table.
What are the chalcogens?
The number of wave peaks that occur in a unit of time.
What is frequency?
The ratio or chance of an electron being in a certain space at a certain time.
What is probability?
Represents sublevels in an atom and describes the shape of the electron cloud.
What is the second quantum number?
Single electrons with the same spin must occupy each orbital before additional electrons with opposite spins can occupy the same orbitals.
What is Hund's rule?
A visual aid that shows all electrons in relation to all the quantum numbers.
What is an orbital filling diagram?
Those electrons found in the outer energy level of an atom.
What are valence electrons?
Members of column VIIIA on the periodic table.
What are the noble gases?
How high a wave is from zero.
What is amplitude?
Property of nature where all particles have wave properties and all waves have particle properties.
What is wave-particle duality?
Orbitals that have the same energy, shape, and size.
What is degenerate?
Way of describing the behavior of extremely small particles at velocities near that of light.
What is quantum mechanics?
A way of showing the arrangement of the electrons in an atom using letters and numbers.
What is an electron configuration?
What an electron is said to be in when it gains energy.
What is the excited state?
Members of column IIA on the periodic table.
What are the alkaline earth metals?
The shortest distance between equivalent points on a continuous wave.
What is wavelength?
An atom containing many negatively charged particles.
What is a multielectron system?
Represents energy levels in an atom and describes the size of the electron cloud.
What is the principal quantum number?
It is impossible to know the position and velocity of an electron in an atom at the same time.
What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?
The representation of an atom in which an element symbol stands for the nucleus and all inner energy level particles while points stand for outer energy level particles.
What is a Lewis electron dot diagram?
Way of representing an atom that has a positive nucleus with the electrons orbiting in energy levels around the nucleus.
What is the planetary model? (Bohr model)
Elements with atomic numbers 89-102.
What is the actinide series?
Unit measuring one wave per second.
What is hertz?
The speed and direction of motion.
What is velocity?
The space occupied by one pair of electrons.
What are orbitals?
No two electrons in an atom can have the same set of quantum numbers.
What is the Pauli exclusion principle?
An abbreviate way of showing the arrangement of the electrons in an atom using letters and numbers that shows only valence electrons.
What is an outer electron configuration?
The unique set of wavelengths absorbed or emitted by a substance.
What is the spectrum?
Members of columns IIB through IIB on the periodic table.
What are the transition metals?
Form of energy that exhibits wavelike behavior as it travels through space.
What is electromagnetic radiation?
Variables used to describe the properties, behaviors, and locations of electrons in atoms.
What are quantum numbers?
Represents orbitals in an atom and describes the direction in space of the orbital.
What is the third quantum number?
Each electron occupies the lowest energy level available.
What is the Aufbau principle?
The smallest energy level an electron can occupy that is closest to the nucleus and has the lowest energy.
What is the ground state?
Elements with atomic numbers 57-70.
What is the lanthanide series?
The minimum amount of energy that can be gained or lost by one atom.
What is a quantum? (quanta)
The concepts that energy is transferred in discrete units, not continuously.
What is quantum theory?
Represents the spin of an electron either clockwise or counterclockwise.
What is the fourth quantum number?
Electrons are emitted from a metal's surface when light of a certain frequency shines on the surface.
What is the photoelectric effect?
The study of substances that are exposed to some sort of continuous exciting energy.
What is spectroscopy?
Members of column VIIA on the periodic table.
What are the halogens?
A particle of electromagnetic radiation with no mass that carries a quantum of energy.
What is a photon?
A unique set of wavelengths taken in by a substance.
What is the absorption spectrum?
Members of column IA on the periodic table.
What are the alkali metals?