Acid Base Basics
It’s the balance between acids (H⁺ and CO₂) and bases (HCO₃⁻) that keeps the body in homeostasis.
What is Acid Base Balance
The main acid the lungs help regulate.
What is carbon dioxide (CO₂)?
The kidneys excrete this to reduce acid in the body.
What are hydrogen ions (H⁺)?
Hydrogen ions and bicarbonate are part of this body regulatory system.
What is the metabolic system?
This test is used to measure acid-base balance in the blood.
What is an Arterial Blood Gas (ABG)?
The body system that removes carbon dioxide by exhalation.
What is the respiratory system?
A slow respiratory rate leads to this condition.
What is respiratory acidosis?
This base is saved or released by the kidneys to maintain pH
What is bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻)?
Low respiratory rate → less CO₂ exhaled → leads to this.
What is respiratory acidosis?
Two main values other than pH used in ABG analysis.
What are PaCO₂ and HCO₃⁻?
Normal blood CO₂ value.
What is 35–45 mmHg?
A fast respiratory rate leads to this condition.
What is respiratory alkalosis?
The body system that handles acid-base regulation through urine
What is the renal (kidney) system?
Increased respiratory rate → more CO₂ exhaled → leads to this.
What is respiratory alkalosis?
What are PaCO₂ and HCO₃⁻?
What is the pH?
Normal blood bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) range.
What is 22–26 mEq/L?
The way the lungs get rid of excess CO₂.
What is exhaling?
When H⁺ is retained and HCO₃⁻ lost, this imbalance occurs.
What is metabolic acidosis?
Bicarbonate (HCO₃⁻) is primarily regulated by this organ.
What are the kidneys?
In the Tic-Tac-Toe method, this symbol aligns acid/normal/base values.
What are columns or boxes on the Tic-Tac-Toe board?
The overall goal of acid-base balance.
What is homeostasis?
This organ system compensates for respiratory acid-base problems over time.
What are the kidneys?
When H⁺ is lost and HCO₃⁻ retained, this imbalance occurs.
What is metabolic alkalosis?
CO₂ is regulated through this metabolic process.
What is respiration?
The purpose of the Tic-Tac-Toe ABG method.
What is to identify whether the imbalance is respiratory or metabolic?