Med
What is the abbreviation and normal range for sodium?
Na , 135-145
What is the abbreviation and normal range for Potassium
K 3.5- 5.0
What is the abbreviation and normal range for Calcium?
Ca 9.0- 10.5
What is the abbreviation for magnesium and what is its normal range?
Mg 1.8- 2.6
check galen labs
what is the normal range for phosphorus?
P 3.0- 4.5mg/dl
What is the function of Ca
Function: formation of bones and teeth, blood coagulation, nerve and muscle activity.
I am sisters with hypomagnesium. Who am I ? Name my normal range?
Calcium 9-10.5
If i have alot of salt in my body (hypernatremia) what may I complain of?
Thirst (dry mouth)
Swollen (edema)
Confusion
Muscle twitching
You can end up with an Seizures
carpopedal spasm (blood pressure cuff on arm inflate hold for 3 mins if spasm its POSITIVE
hyperactive reflexes (tapping facial nerve an inch from earlobe. Twitching of face is POSITIVE
What am I?
•Positive Trousseau’s and Chvostek’s signs
Think C for cheek= Chvostek
List Na foods:(list 3 foods)
- canned foods, salt, cheese, ham, soy sauce, preserved meats.
-SALTY FOODS
List some hypertonic fluids
3%NS, 5%NS, D10W, D51/2 NS, D5LR, D50W
List all isotonic fluids
Normal saline
Lactate Ringer (LR)
S/S of hypernatremia
•Lethargy, irritability, weakness
•Seizures
•Muscle twitching
•Abdominal cramping
•Nausea and Vomiting
•Intracranial bleeding
•coma
List hypotonic fluids
.45% Nacl (sodium chloride), .22% Nacl , .33% Nacl.
List ways a patient can end up hypervolemic
lots of fluids
rapid infusions
chronic issues (heart, renal issues)
FVD aka Hypovolemic how would your patient present with there vitals ? Name ranges for HR and RR?
low bp, high hr, high rr
60-100
12-20
FVE aka hypervolemic how would your patient vitals look? name the normal ranges HR, RR
high bp, low HR, low RR
60-100
12-20
ketchup, soy sauce, hot dogs, cheese, and butter. All these foods are high in?
Sodium
page 85 in nclex book
Avocados, tomatoes, carrots, potatoes, raisins.
All these foods are high in?
Potassium
page 84 NCLEX book
yogurt, cheese, collard greens, kale, milk and sardines All these foods are high in?
Calcium
page 86 NCLEX book
This is caused by the retention of CO2. The body is holding onto carbon dioxide. What acid-base imbalance am I?
List 4 causes of this imbalance.
-Respiratory Acidosis
Causes
Acute problems, such as airway obstruction, pneumonia, asthma, chest injuries, or pulmonary edema
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), such as emphysema
Opiate use that depresses the respiratory rate
Excessive loss of bicarbonate ions from diarrhea
Renal failure
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)
This can lead to which acid base imbalance?
-Write an ABG that explains this acid-base imbalance.
Metabolic acidosis
ph less than 7.35
Hco3 less than 22
These patients have an increase in their respiratory rate that causes the elimination of too much acid.
What imbalance am I?
List two nursing interventions?
Respiratory Alkalosis
paper bag
Anti anxiety meds calm the patient down
-Vomiting, Extensive gastrointestinal suction, and Hypokalemia can cause which acid-base imbalance?
-list some nursing interventions(based off your symptoms)?
Metabolic Alkalosis
*Interventions: monitor ecg, monitor electrolyte, treat vomit (antiemetics), hold diuretics (loop diuretics and thiazides)
List all the normal ranges:
Pao2
Paco2
pH
Sao2
HCO3
PaCO2 35- 45mm Hg
HCO3: 22-26 mEq/ L
Pao2: 80- 100%
sao2: 94- 100%
pH: 7.35- 7.45