Basics
Known as the first line of defense against pH changes, what system accounts for about 65% of the buffering capacity in plasma?
Bicarbonate buffer
A patient with hyperaldosteronism will develop which acid base disorder
Metabolic Alkalosis
The primary extracellular anion whose levels are often reciprocally altered with bicarbonate to maintain electroneutrality, particularly in normal anion gap metabolic acidosis.
Chloride
The greatest buffering capacity at physiological p H would be provided by a protein rich in which amino acid?
Histidine
What is the type of breathing seen in diabetic ketoacidosis
Kussmaul's breathing
A term describing the unexpected acidic urine excreted in metabolic alkalosis
Paradoxic aciduria
Chloride shift- The exchange of chloride and bicarbonate ions in red blood cells (RBCs) as they transport carbon dioxide (CO2) from tissues to the lungs is called
Hamburger Phenomenon
A person on overdose of sedatives will develop which acid base disorder
Respiratory Acidosis
Compensation for metabolic alkalosis primarily occurs via
Hypoventilation
What happens to the plasma potassium levels during states of metabolic acidosis as a result of cellular buffering?
Hyperkalemia
In metabolic alkalosis, urine chloride greater than 20 mEq/L suggests this category.
chloride-resistant metabolic alkalosis
The drug given in people going for high altitude trekking inhibits which enzyme?
Carbonic Anhydrase