1
What is the normal body range of the ph scale?
7.35-7.45
Which acid-base Imbalance is caused by hyperexcitability, high altitudes, pulmonary disease, and mechanical ventilation?
Respiratory Alkalosis
Which disease is due to a deficit of aldosterone and leakage of intracellular potassium into the extracellular fluids?
Hyperkalemia
What is light bubbly or crackling sounds with serous secretions?
Rales
What disease is transmitted by oral droplets from persons with active infection and occurs more frequently with conditions of war and HIV infections?
tuberculosis
What is the name of a weak acid and a weak base?
weak acid is carbonic acid (H2CO3)
weak base is bicarbonate (HCO3)
How much of a persons body weight is water?
60%
Which disease is due to uncontrolled relapse of calcium ions from bones and an excess of vitamin D?
Hypercalcemia
Sinusitis is what type of infection?
bacterial
Which disease involves steatorrhea, chronic productive cough, and failure to meet normal growth milestones?
Cystic Fibrosis
What is the respirating compensation for acidosis, do we increase or decrease ventilation to gain or eliminate CO2?
Increase ventilation to eliminate CO2
Which hormone determines reabsorption of sodium ions and water?
Aldosterone
Where are central chemoreceptors located?
in the medulla
what results from long-term inhalation of irritating particles such as coal dust, silica, asbestos, and fungal spores?
pneumoconiosis
What is the most frequently used treatment for aspiration?
Heimlich
Which category of acid base imbalance has pathological causes such as shock, renal failure, severe diarrhea?
Metabolic Acidosis
thirst, tongue and mucosa are dry and sticky, weakness, lethargy, agitation, edema, and elevated blood pressure are signs of what?
Hypernatremia
What is hypoxemia?
Marked decrease in oxygen
Which type of pneumonia is community-based, usually caused by streptococcus pneumonia, and infections localized in one or more lobes?
Lobar pneumonia- bacterial pneumonia
The Main signs and symptoms of this disease are NONPRODUCATIVE coughing, barrel chest, air trapping, clubbed digits, dyspnea?
emphysema
What are the 3 major organs involved in the regulation of acid and base balance?
1. Bones
2. kidneys
3. Lungs
What are some effects of edema?
swelling, pale or red in color, pitting edema, increase in body weight, pain, impaired arterial circulation, functional impairment
Hypocapnia is caused by?
low carbion dioxide concentration, or hyperventilation
Which type of asthma is triggered by type 1 hypersensitivity reactions, and has an onset in young?
Extrinsic asthma
Which disease is known as the blue bloaters?
A) chronic bronchitis
B)emphysema
C)asthma
chronic bronchitis