Acids and Bases

1

100

a solution with a pH less than seven

acidic solution

200

a solution with a pH of seven

neutral solution

300

an acid that ionizes less than 100% in solution

weak acid

400

a base that dissociates 100% in solution

strong base

500

What substances react with many metals to produce hydrogen gas? 

acids

2

100

a solution with a pH greater than seven

alkaline solution

200

Turns red litmus blue

base

300

Congratulations!

+300 points

400

an acid with two ionisable hydrogen atoms

diprotic acid

500

an acid that ionizes 100% in solution

strong acid

3

100

without water

anhydrous

200

an acid with one ionisable hydrogen atom

monoprotic acid

300

a substance that changes colour at different pH levels

pH indicator

400

an acid with three ionisable hydrogen atoms

triprotic acid

500

This describes an acid as a substance that releases hydrogen

ions in solution.

Ex. HCl -> H⁺ + Cl^-

Arrhenius theory

4

100

a substance that conducts electricity when aqueous or molten

 electrolyte

200

a measurement of the acidity level using a logarithmic scale

pH

300

a base that ionizes or dissociates less than 100% in solution

weak base

400

the species formed when an acid loses a proton

conjugate base

500

List 3 properties of acids

• Tart or sour taste

• Aqueous solutions conduct electricity

• Cause chemical dyes (indicators) to change colour

• React with many metals to produce hydrogen gas

• Can be neutralized by bases

• Turn blue litmus red

5

100

the reaction of a salt with water to produce an acidic or basic solution

hydrolysis

200

hydronium ion

H3O+

300

the species formed when a base gains a proton

conjugate acid

400

Congratulations!

Bonus! +400

500

This describes an acid a proton donor and a base to be a proton acceptor.

Example: Ammonia NH₃ + H₂O <->NH₄⁺ + OH^-

Brønsted-Lowry theory