Acids
What is the pH value of weak acids?
4-6
WHat is the pH value of weak bases?
8-10
What is electrolyte?
a substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts an electric current
List 3 items that are acidic and 3 items that are basic.
Acid- Vinegar, Citrus, Battery Acid
Bases- Ammonia, baking soda, soap
What is the pH value of strong Acids?
0-3
What is the pH value of strong bases?
11-14
What is the range of the pH scale?
0-14
What are soaps?
a substance that is used as a cleaner and that dissolves in water
What is the characteristics of acids? List 4
sour taste, turn litmus paper red,
Corrosive, react with most metals.
What are at least 4 characteristics of a base?
feels slippery, tastes bitter,
corrosive, turns litmus paper blue
does not react with metals
What is an indicator?
a compound that can reversibly change color depending on the pH of the solution or other chemical change
What are detergents?
a water-soluble cleaner that can emulsify dirt and oil
any compound that increases the number of hydronium ions when dissolved in water
What is the definition of a base?
any compound that increases the number of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water
What is Salt?
an ionic compound that forms when a metal atom or a positive radical replaces the hydrogen of an acid
How can acids and bases (Chemicals in the home) be dangerous?
Gas can be created if products are mixed together and if something gets on your skin/ is swallowed/ inhaled it could be very dangerous
What changes if you increase the hydronium ion concentration in a substance?
If the hydronium ion concentration increases, the pH decreases, causing the solution to become more acidic.
What changes if you change the amount of hydroxide ion in a substance?
If the hydroxide ion concentration increases, the pH increases, causing the solution to become more basic.
What is a Neutralization Reaction?
the reaction of the ions that characterize acids (hydronium ions) and the ions that characterize bases (hydroxide ions) to form water molecules and a salt
Refer back to the pH lab we did in class, which items were acids and which were bases?
Acids- Lemonade, soda, ketchup, mustard, vinegar, candy solution
Bases- hand soap, Windex, ammonia, hydrochloric acid