Acids and Bases
A substance that donates a hydrogen ion (a proton).
What is an acid?
When the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.
What is equilibrium?
The negative log of the hydrogen (hydronium) ion concentration.
What is pH?
A solution with a pOH of 5.6 is considered this
What is basic?
The process in which an acid-base neutralization reaction is used to determining the concentration of a solution.
What is titration?
This type of substance contains an ionizable hydroxide group.
What is a base?
The ratio of the molar concentrations of the products to the molar concentration of the reactants with each concentration raised to the power equal to its coefficient in the balanced chemical equation.
What is the equilibrium constant?
The relative amount of reactants and products when K = 1
What is the concentration of reactants and products are relatively equal?
The [OH-] of a solution with a pH of 5
What is [OH-]= 1 E-9 M?
A method for precisely measuring and transferring a specific small volume of liquid that utilizes suction
What is pipetting?
A solution that resists changes in pH.
What is a buffer?
Phases of matter left out of the equilibrium expression
What are solids and liquids?
Mathematical description of the following relationship: As the hydrogen ion concentration goes up for an acid solution, the hydroxide ion concentration decreases
What is inverse relationship?
The final concentration of a 5M stock solution after undergoing three 1:10 dilutions
What is 0.005 M?
Lemon juice and vinegar have these type of pH values
What is less than 7?
What is change the temperature?
2 SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2 SO3(g) + heat
The equilibrium expression for the exothermic reversible reaction written above.
What is
K = [SO3]2/[SO2]2[O2] ?
The equilibrium constant for the following system:
At equilibrium, a 2.0L flask contains: 0.075 mol of PCl5, 0.050 mol of H2O, 0.750 mol of HCl, 0.500 mol of POCl3
PCl5 (s) + H2O (g) ⇄ 2 HCl (g) + POCl3 (g)
What is K = 1.4 ?;
Substances that change color in response to pH changes.
What are acid-base indicators?
Baking soda, ammonia, and soap are all examples of this type of solution
What are bases?
The equilibrium constant can provide information about how well a reaction proceeds. Description of the equilibrium constant (K) for the following reaction:
NH4OH <--> NH4+ + OH-
What is a small number?
An example of an amphiprotic substance other than water
What is HCO3-, HSO4-, HPO4-2, or a variety of other substances ?
The concentration of HCl that requires 15ml of 0.1M NaOH to turn 30 mL of the acid (with phenolphthalein) pink
What is 0.05 M?
The purpose of rinsing the buret with titrant prior to using the buret in an acid-base titration
What is to ensure that the titrant is the intended concentration in the buret?