Acids and Bases
A substance that donates a hydrogen ion (a proton).
What is an acid?
When the rate of the forward reaction equals the rate of the reverse reaction.
What is equilibrium?
The negative log of the hydrogen (hydronium) ion concentration.
What is pH?
A solution with a pOH of 5.6 is considered this
What is basic?
A way to increase [SO3].
2SO2 (g) +O2(g) <-----> 2SO3(g)
What is :
1. remove SO3
2. increase either SO2 or O2
3. increase pressure (decrease volume)
This type of substance contains an ionizable hydroxide group.
What is a base?
The ratio of the molar concentrations of the products to the molar concentration of the reactants with each concentration raised to the power equal to its coefficient in the balanced chemical equation.
What is the equilibrium constant?
The relative amount of reactants and products when K = 1
What is the concentration of reactants and products are relatively equal?
The molarity of a solution made by dissolving 20.0 g of NaOH (MM = 40.0 g/mol) in 250 mL of water.
What is 2.00 M?
A device used for precisely measuring and transferring a specific small volume of liquid that utilizes suction
What is a volumetric pipette?
What is a 1.00 x 10-7 M?
Phases of matter left out of the equilibrium expression
What are solids and liquids?
Mathematical description of the following relationship: As the hydrogen ion concentration goes up for an acid solution, the hydroxide ion concentration decreases
What is inverse relationship?
The molarity when 87.6 mL of 2.38 M HCl is diluted to a volume of 125 mL.
What is 1.67 M HCl?
What is crystallization (excess solute precipitates out)?
Lemon juice and vinegar have these type of pH values
What is less than 7?
What is change the temperature?
2 SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇄ 2 SO3(g) + heat
The equilibrium expression for the exothermic reversible reaction written above.
What is
K = [SO3]2/[SO2]2[O2] ?
The equilibrium constant for the following system:
At equilibrium, a 2.0L flask contains: 0.075 mol of PCl5, 0.050 mol of H2O, 0.750 mol of HCl, 0.500 mol of POCl3
PCl5 (s) + H2O (g) ⇄ 2 HCl (g) + POCl3 (g)
What is K = 1.4 ?;
Substances that change color in response to pH changes.
What are acid-base indicators?
Baking soda, ammonia, and soap are all examples of this type of solution
What are bases?
This states that when a stress is imposed upon a system at equilibrium, the reaction will shift in such a way so as to counter the stress.
What is a Le Chatelier's Principle?
This is the conjugate base of water.
What is OH-?
The pH of a 16 M stock solution of HNO3 that has been diluted to a molarity of 4.68 x 10-3 M.
What is 2.33?
The increase in temperature of an exothermic equilibrium reaction results in this shift.
What is a shift to the left/shift to the reactants?