Acids, Bases, Salts

Common Acids & Bases

100

In which common substance do we find ethanoic acid?

Vinegar 

200

What base is present in Milk of Magnesia

Magnesium hydroxide

300

What color would phenolphthalein indicator be if bitten by an ant?

colorless

400

Sodium hydrogen carbonate would turn litmus paper _____________.

Blue

500

Give 2 characteristics of acids and 2 characteristics of bases.

Acids: tase sour, corrosive, produce H+ ions, pH below 7

Bases: taste bitter, feel slippery, make OH- ions, pH above 7

Acid & Base Reactions

100

What gas is produced when acids and bases react with metals.

Hydrogen

200

What is the name of the reaction between an acid and a base?

Neutralization

300

What are the products of this reaction:

Na₂CO₃ + HCl --> 

NaCl + H₂O + CO₂

400

What are the products of the reaction between a base and a non-metal oxide?

Salt + water

500

Name the acid and base that made this salt:

K₂SO₄

What is the nature of this salt?

KOH + H₂SO₄, neutral

pH

100

What is the meaning of pH

Power of hydrogen

200

What is the concentration of H⁺ ions in water?

1 x 10-7

300

What is the pH of a 0.0001 M solution of HCl?

pH = 4

400

What is the pH of a 5 x 10^-4 solution of H₂SO₄?

pH = 3

500

What is the pH of a 0.001 M solution of KOH?

pH = 11

Common Salts

100

What is the name and chemical formula for baking soda?

sodium hydrogen carbonate, NaHCO₃

200

Give two uses for calcium oxychloride

Bleaching cotton/linen, paper, disinfectant, sterilization, oxidizing agent, chloroform

300

What is the name and chemical formula for washing soda?

sodium carbonate decahydrate, Na₂CO₃ . 10H₂O

400

Show the process of making Plaster of Paris

CaSO_{4 .} 2H₂O -->(100º) CaSO₄ . 1/2H₂O + 3/2H₂O

500

Show Solvey's Process -

500 points for making baking soda

1000 points for making washing soda

CaCO₃ -->(heat) CaO + CO₂

CO₂ + NaCl + NH₃ + H₂O --> NaHCO₃ + NH₄Cl

NaHCO₃ --> (heat) Na₂CO₃ + H₂O + CO₂

Na₂CO₃ + 10H₂O --> Na₂CO₃.10H₂O

Dissociation

100

Show the dissociation of water

H₂O --> OH^- + H⁺

200

Show the dissociation of KOH

KOH --> K⁺ + OH^-

300

Show the dissociation of H₂SO₄ and balance

H₂SO₄ + 2H₂O --> 2H₃O⁺ + SO₄^-2

400

Show the dissociation of benzoic acid

C₆H₅COOH + H₂O --><-- C₆H₅COO^- + H₃O+

500

Show the dissociation of copper(II) hydroxide and balance

Cu(OH)₂ --><-- Cu⁺² + 2OH^-