Endocrinology and Metabolism (EM)
Genetics and Genomics
History of Medicine
Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy
Internal Medicine Potpourri
100

Enzyme deficiency characterized by virilization, hypotension, hyperkalemia, and cortisol deficiency

21-hydroxylase deficiency

100

Hematologic malignancy associated with translocation of chromosomes 15 and 17

Acute promyelocytic leukemia

100

This Canadian physician is often called the "Father of Medicine" and is refered to as "the consummate internal medicine physician" by ACP

Dr. William Osler

100

These three beta blockers  have mortality evidence in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (note, salt must be specified for one of these medications)

Bisoprolol, carvedilol and metoprolol succinate

100

The Canadian Cardiovascular Society recently updated its classification of heart failure to include heart failure with reduced ejection fraction and this designation of heart failure

Heart failure with nonreduced ejection fraction (not "preserved")

200

Autoimmune skin condition associated with autoimmune adrenalitis

Vitiligo

200

The study of heritable alterations in gene expression that occur outside of the DNA sequence

Epigenetics

200

These Canadian physicians are credited for discovering insulin.

Banting and Best


Sir Frederick Banting, MD, and Charles Best, MD

200

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are a potential culprit of this electrolyte abnormality

Hyponatremia

200

This is a potentially life-threatening adverse effect of SGLT2 inhibitor medications

(Euglycemic) diabetic ketoacidosis

300

The most common secretory pituitary tumour

Prolactinoma

300

Disease caused by beta-globin mutation leading to vaso-occlusion

Sickle cell disease

300

The first female physician to practice in Canada

Dr. Emily Stowe

Would also accept Dr. Jennie Kidd Trout (first licensed in Canada)

300

The CANVAS Program study showed a two-fold increased risk of lower limb amputations vs placebo for this SGLT2 inhibitor

Canagliflozin

300

These are the three (3) irregularly irregular rhythms that can be seen on ECG

Atrial fibrillation, wandering atrial pacemaker (WAP), multifocal atrial tachycarida (MAT)

400

Prednisone threshold dose of any duration that does not require perioperative testing or replacement to prevent adrenal crisis

Less than or equal to 5 mg/day

400

Ability of a mutation in a single gene to produce more than 1 phenotypic effect

Pleiotropy

400

This Canadian politician is often credited as the "Father of Medicare" and was voted the Greatest Canadian in a CBC poll in 2004

Thomas "Tommy" Douglas

400

This thiazolidinedione medication received a black-box warning in the US for risk of heart failure and myocardial ischemia

Rosiglitzaone (Avandia)

400

Hypokalemia from hypomagnesemia is thought to be caused by a lack of inhibition of this channel on the apical surface of the distal nephron

ROMK (Renal outer medullary potassium channel)

500

Most prevalent type of  clinically nonfunctioning pituitary macroadenoma

Gonadotroph adenomas

500

First patient with sickle cell disease treated ex vivo with this approach

CRISPR Cas 9

500

This neurologist was the first Canadian woman astronaut

Dr. Roberta Bondar?

500

Sacubitril inhibits neprolysin, which prevents the breakdown of what beneficial peptide in heart failure

Atrial natiruretic peptide

500

Chronic ingestion of this sweet treat can lead to apparent mineralocorticoid excess with hypertention and potentially life-treatening hypokalemia

Licorice/liquorice  (glycyrrhetinic acid)