Acute Care Systems & Triage
This tier of providers delivers initial on-field acute care, stabilization, and triage.
What are athletic trainers and team physicians (First Responders)?
This catastrophic condition occurs when an athlete sustains a second head impact while still symptomatic from an earlier concussion, leading to loss of cerebral autoregulation.
What is Second Impact Syndrome?
Cranial Nerve I is evaluated by having an athlete identify this type of stimulus.
What is a familiar, non-noxious scent/smell?
This specialized assessment tests smooth pursuits, horizontal/vertical saccades, VOR, NPC, and visual motion sensitivity.
What is the VOMS (Vestibular/Ocular-Motor Screening)?
The minimum duration an athlete must spend in each step of the Return-to-Learn and Return-to-Sport progressions.
What is at least 24 hours per step?
When preparing an avulsed tooth for immediate replantation or storage, the provider must handle only this specific anatomical part.
What is the crown?
The official campus physical street address for Texas Lutheran University.
What is 1000 W. Court Street, Seguin, TX 78155?
This survey prioritizes assessing airway and C-spine, breathing, circulation, disability, and exposure.
What is the Primary Survey?
Bleeding of the bridging veins causes this slow, insidious intracranial hemorrhage whose symptoms may take hours or days to appear.
What is a subdural hematoma?
Asking an athlete to smile, frown, raise their eyebrows, or close their eyes tightly assesses this cranial nerve.
What is Cranial Nerve VII (Facial Nerve)?
The BESS protocol tests balance across double-leg, single-leg, and tandem stances on these two distinct surfaces.
What are firm and foam surfaces?
Under Texas HB 2038 (Natasha's Law), this specific professional must be a member of a school district’s Concussion Oversight Team (COT).
What is a licensed physician (or an athletic trainer, if employed by the district)?
When securing an athlete with a suspected catastrophic cervical spine injury to a spine board, this anatomical region is secured last.
What is the head (torso/body secured first)?
The primary receiving hospital destination for emergency trauma transport originating from TLU athletic events.
What is Guadalupe Regional Medical Center (GRMC)?
This provider level is responsible for intermediate stabilization and emergency transport.
What is Emergency Medical Services (EMS / EMTs & Paramedics)?
Ordered from deep to superficial, these three protective membranes surround the brain.
What are the pia mater, arachnoid mater, and dura mater (PAD)?
This cranial nerve innervates this specific extraocular muscle responsible for lateral eye abduction.
What is Cranial Nerve XI (Abducens)?
An acute collection of blood pooling in the anterior chamber of the eye between the cornea and the iris, typically caused by direct ocular blunt trauma.
What is a hyphema?
The mandatory modern rest paradigm during the first 24 to 48 hours following a concussion, which strictly avoids prolonged "cocooning".
What is relative rest?
Removing a football helmet while leaving shoulder pads in place is strictly contraindicated because it forces the cervical spine into this deformity.
What is severe hyperlordosis (or hyperextension)?
From Hwy 46/Sam Flores Dr, turn east onto Fleming Dr, enter through the north/west stadium gate directly onto the track apron.
What is Bulldog Stadium?
This trauma tier provides the highest level of comprehensive 24/7 in-house coverage for major surgical subspecialties, improving survival by 20–25%.
What is a Level 1 Trauma Center?
This intracranial hemorrhage results from an arterial bleed—typically the middle meningeal artery—and often presents with a brief lucid interval.
What is an epidural hematoma?
Resisted shoulder shrugs and resisted head rotation evaluate this specific cranial nerve.
What is Cranial Nerve XI (Accessory Nerve)?
The SCAT6 is specifically designated for acute sideline evaluation within this timeframe post-injury.
What is the first 72 hours (up to 5 days)?
Light walking or stationary cycling should be introduced within this post-injury window according to the Amsterdam consensus.
What is 2 to 10 days post-injury?
A prone log-roll push maneuver requires this minimum number of trained rescuers to rotate the patient onto a spine board angled at 45 degrees.
What is 5 rescuers?
Take Highway 46 north, take a right on Kingsbury and proceed east, enter field from north entrance on right directly after Flemming.
What is Kruse-Morck Field (Baseball)?
Unlike Level 4 facilities, this trauma center designation tier is staffed primarily by trauma-trained nurses and is typically not open 24 hours.
What is a Level 5 Trauma Center?
Upper brainstem (midbrain/pons) damage causes this rigid extension of all four extremities, featuring adducted arms and pronated wrists.
What is decerebrate posturing?
Having the patient look downward and inward toward the nose assesses this cranial nerve.
What is Cranial Nerve IV (Trochlear Nerve)?
Unlike the SCAT6, this multidomain office assessment tool is designed for subacute follow-up evaluation beyond 72 hours.
What is the SCOAT6?
Under the Amsterdam 2022 consensus, persisting post-concussion symptoms are defined as symptoms lasting beyond this duration.
What is greater than 4 weeks?
The optimal "golden window" to replant an avulsed permanent tooth back into its socket.
What is less than 5 minutes?
Take Hwy 46 north to TLU entrance, enter TLU by turning east on University Drive, turn left at dead end and continue northeast on University Drive until at the intersection with Flemming, enter field from north entrance at intersection of University Drive/Flemming.
What is Gustafson Soccer Field?
Guadalupe Regional Medical Center (GRMC) in Seguin holds this trauma center designation tier.
What is a Level 4 Trauma Center?
Characterized by upper limb adduction and flexion onto the chest with rigid leg extension, this posturing signifies corticospinal damage above the brainstem.
What is decorticate posturing?
Symmetrical elevation of the uvula when phonating "Ah" tests the integrity of this cranial nerve.
What is Cranial Nerve X (Vagus Nerve)?
These four clinical symptom clusters encompass the main presentations of a possible concussion.
What are cognitive, physical/somatic, emotional/affective, and sleep/fatigue?
In Texas, coaches and athletic trainers must complete two hours of concussion education every this many years.
What is every 2 years?
This is what should be done if an athlete chips a tooth exposing yellow dentin with sensitivity to air or cold.
What is save the tooth fragment in saline or low-fat milk and see a dentist within 24 hours?
Take Highway 46 north, take a right on Kingsbury and proceed east, enter field from north entrance on right directly after Fritz.
What is Katt-Isbell Field (Softball)?
The components evaluated during the secondary survey following the initial primary life-threat assessment.
What are vital signs and a head-to-toe examination?
This specific region of the brainstem regulates heart rate, respiration, and vasomotor tone.
What is the pons/medulla (or brainstem)?
Cranial Nerve VII provides taste sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, whereas this nerve supplies taste to the posterior one-third.
What is Cranial Nerve IX (Glossopharyngeal Nerve)?
These are the hallmark signs and symptoms across all four clinical clusters that signal a possible concussion. (Name 4 symptoms)
What are mental fogginess and slowed processing (cognitive), headache, dizziness, and light/noise sensitivity (somatic), irritability and sadness (emotional), and drowsiness or insomnia (sleep)?
According to the Amsterdam flare rule, sub-symptom aerobic exercise remains safe if symptom exacerbation does not exceed this point threshold and duration.
What is a 2-point increase (on a 0–10 scale) lasting less than 1 hour?
This is the group of personnel that makes up the pre-event Medical Time Out team.
Who are home medical staff, visiting medical staff, EMS, and game officials?
Take Court St to Flemming, enter TLU by turning north on Flemming, take a right on University Drive and proceed east until in front of gymnasium, enter gymnasium through front entrance glass doors, court entrance directly upstairs.
What is Memorial Gymnasium (Jones Complex)?