Disease
This disorder develops within 1 month of a traumatic event and includes dissociative symptoms
Acute stress disorder
Increase the frequency of Cl- opening
Benzodiazepines
Bonus: what is the end result ?
A 30‑year‑old has 1 week of decreased need for sleep, pressured speech, grandiosity about ‘having a special mission from God,’ and risky spending. Auditory hallucinations comment on how powerful she is.
What is bipolar I disorder, current manic episode with psychotic features?
SSRIs and CBT
How do you treat depression/PTSD?
Up to 3 days
How long can a crisis measure originally last?
A patient with acute psychosis reports this symptom where they believe external forces are controlling their thoughts
What is a delusion?
SSRIs work in ASD by increasing synaptic availability of this neurotransmitter.
What is Serotonin?
This psychosis typically resolves within days to weeks of cessation.
What is drug-induced psychosis (amphetamines, cocaine)?
In acute crisis situations, this non-pharmacological de-escalation technique is tried first.
What is verbal de-escalation/crisis intervention?
Law that can be used as a last resort for patients at risk of hurting themselves or someone else
What is the Compulsory Mental Healthcare Act (Wvggz) ?
This is the clinical term for the persistent inability to experience positive emotions (happiness, loving feelings), usually after trauma
What is anhedonia?
This classic mood stabilizer reduces suicide risk in bipolar disorder and is used for both acute mania and maintenance, but requires monitoring of kidney function, thyroid function, and blood levels.
What is Lithium?
A 25-year-old witnesses a car accident. Within 3 days, they develop intrusive memories, avoidance, and altered reality perception. He consults you after 2 months of symptoms
Post-traumatic stress disorder
A patient has persistent inability to feel positive emotions months after a serious trauma, plus nightmares and avoidance of reminders. Current guidelines recommend a combination of medication and trauma‑focused psychotherapy as first‑line treatment.
Name the specific trauma‑focused psychotherapy often used alongside SSRIs.
What is EMDR (Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing)?
The mayor
Who is in charge of issuing a crisis measure?
Unlike acute psychosis, this condition shows memory impairment, disorientation, and fluctuating awareness and attention.
What is delirium?
In an older inpatient with delirium who becomes so agitated that they are a danger to themselves or staff, non‑pharmacological measures are tried first. If medication is necessary, this antipsychotic is commonly used in low doses as first choice.
Name the drug.
What is haloperidol?
A 21‑year‑old presents with 2 months of auditory hallucinations, thought insertion, and social withdrawal. Functioning is clearly deteriorating, but symptoms have been present for less than 6 months.
What is schizophreniform disorder?
A 30‑year‑old with severe psychotic depression expresses a clear, immediate plan to end their life and refuses help. After assessing that they lack decision‑making capacity and pose imminent danger, the team initiates this type of treatment setting, allowing close monitoring and restriction of means.
What is involuntary psychiatric hospitalization?
For a crisis measure or care authorization to be imposed, three conditions must be met:
Could you name those conditions?
Health professionals judge that a serious danger has arisen because of a psychological problem,
You do not cooperate with the care that is being offered, and
there is no alternative possible
At least one week of abnormally elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased energy or activity
What is mania?
This anticonvulsant is widely used for acute mania and prophylaxis in bipolar disorder. Major adverse effects include hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, teratogenicity (neural tube defects), and weight gain.
What is valporate/valporic acid?
A 78-year-old man on the internal medicine ward has been ‘very down’ for several days. Nurses report poor appetite, early‑morning awakening, and that he keeps saying, ‘I’m just tired of living.’ On exam he is slow to answer questions and often stares at the floor. When asked the date, he replies, ‘Sometime in autumn, I think,’ and needs questions repeated several times. His symptoms began 2 days ago during treatment for pneumonia.
What is delirium?
A 35‑year‑old with severe major depressive disorder and psychotic guilt delusions has stopped eating and repeatedly tries to harm himself. Antidepressants and antipsychotics have been started, but the team judges that they will act too slowly and that a rapid, life‑saving effect is needed.
Which somatic treatment could be offered in this situation?
What is electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)?
At home, in an outpatient clinic or in a hospital
Where do patients with a Crisis measure or care authorization have to stay?