Vocabulary
Natural Selection
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Selection
Types of Natural Selection
Evidence of Evolution
100
The process by which species cease to exist is
What is extinction?
100
Yellow beetle and green beetles live in the rainforest canopy. You would expect:
What is the green population will increase and the yellow will decrease?
100
Can an organism "CHOOSE" to evolve and change?
No, organisms CANNOT CHOOSE to change their genes or traits!
100
If BOTH extremes have an advantage, but the middle phenotype has a disadvantage this type of selection occurs.
What is disruptive selection?
100
What are bones in different organisms that are similar in shape and structure but server a different purpose.
This indicates a common ancestor
What is a homologous structure?
200
Change in a genotype can result in a change in this.
What is a phenotype?
200
What is most likely to happen to moth populations in the picture shown?
Dark moths--hunted easily, dark moths--population decreases.
200
These kinds of things cause natural selection to occur.
What are environmental pressures like weather, food availability, water availability?
200
If one extreme has an advantage then this kind of selection occurs.
What is directional selection?
200
What are structures that remain in modern organisms from ancient relatives that no longer serve a purpose. Ex: Appendix and wisdom teeth
Vestigial Structures
300
A change in a gene
What is a mutation?
300
Evidence of the changes in a species' physical characteristics over long geological periods can best be shown through a study of
What is the fossil record
300
In an arctic environment, which would survive longer: red foxes or white foxes?
White foxes
300
If the middle phenotype survives most often, then this type of selection is occuring.
What is stabilizing selection?
300
The person who first published the theory of evolution.
Who is Charles Darwin?
400
An inheritable TRAIT that helps an organism to survive and reproduce in its environment
What is Adaptation?
400
What would happen if the environment changes drastically and no organisms have fitting adaptations?
What is a species could go extinct?
400
After traveling to the Galapagos Islands, Darwin noticed a lot of variation among this kind of organism.
What are finches?
400
If an organism cannot find food, it might do this.
What is move to a different location?
Not die, not have an adaptation.
400
How do you know that a donkey and a horse are NOT the same species?
What is hybrid infertility? Their offspring cannot produce offspring.
500
Could be good, could be bad, could be silent
What is a mutation?
500
Fitness is determined by this
What is the ability to reproduce and make fertile offspring?
500
Farmers and horticulturalists bred broccoli, cauliflower, kale, and cabbage from the wild mustard plant through
What is artificial selection?
500
Ancestors of the Galápagos finches had two different types of seeds to eat on some islands. Some seeds were very small and required small beaks to handle. Other seeds were very large and required large strong beaks to crack. This led to _____ among the Galápagos finches.
What is disruptive selection?
500
The longer an embryo looks like another species' embryo, the _____________ they are related.
What is closer?