Adaptations, Selective Breeding, Genetics

Structural Adaptations

100

What is a structural adaptation?

Physical features (body parts) that help an organism survive.

200

Explain how a polar bear's thick fur helps it survive.

It's fur keeps it warm and the color of its fur helps it blend in with its surroundings.

300

Select the structural adaptation: A group of animals travels together in a large pack OR A hummingbird has a long, thin bill

A hummingbird has a long, thin bill

400

Select the structural adaptation: Giraffes have long necks that allow them to eat leaves in tall trees OR A bear hibernates in the winter

Giraffes have long necks that allow them to eat leaves in tall trees

500

Name the Lab that we did that dealt with Structural Adaptations. 

Bird Beak

Behavioral Adaptations

100

What is a behavioral adaptation?

The ways a particular animal behaves (or the things the animal does) in order to survive in its natural habitat.

200

What is migration?

A behavioral adaptation in which animals move seasonally to a place where there is more food and a more suitable climate.

300

What is hibernation?

A behavioral adaptation in which an animal passes winter, or part of winter, in a state of deep sleep to avoid a lack of food and an unfavorable climate.

400

Select the behavioral adaptation: A lizard plays dead to avoid predators OR bird's have wings that allow them to fly from predators

A lizard plays dead to avoid predators

500

Name at least 3 adaptations (structural or behavioral) a land animal that is a carnivore living in a cold climate might have.

1. Thick fur 2. Protective coloration to hide from prey 3. Sharp teeth to eat prey 4. The animal may hibernate in the winter, especially if its prey migrates 5. Travel in packs to hunt more efficiently

Genetics

100

What is a phenotype?

Physical traits or characteristics that you can see.

200

If an organism has a heterozygous genotype, what type of phenotype do they have to have?

The dominant trait (phenotype) will be present.

300

If one parent is homozygous dominant, and the other parent is homozygous recessive, what genotypes will all of their offspring be?

All will inherit one dominant trait and one recessive trait, or heterozygous.

400

In order for an organism to have a recessive phenotype, what must occur?  

They must inherit 2 recessive traits for that phenotype.

500

How is it possible for 2 parents with dominant traits to have an offspring with recessive traits?

The two parents have to be heterozygous dominant, with each having one recessive trait.  Their offspring can inherit one recessive trait from each parent.

Misc

100

What is camouflage?

A structural adaptation that allows an animal to blend in with its environment due to having the same color, shape and/or texture as its surroundings.

200

What is mimicry?

The resemblance of one organism to another or to an object in its surroundings.

300

What does carrying capacity mean?

The number of individuals of any given species an environment can sustain.

400

What is evolution?

Process by which populations gradually change over time.

500

What is conditioning?

Changing behavior by rewarding or punishing a subject each time an action is performed.

Selective Breeding

100

What is selective breeding?

Choosing parents that exhibit a specific trait, so that offspring will have that trait.

200

All dogs can be traced back to what genetic ancestor?

Wolves

300

What is another term for selective breeding?

Artificial Selection

400

If short, stubby noses are a recessive trait, how can you guarantee that you will get offspring with short, stubby noses?

You will have to breed two organisms that have the recessive traits of short, stubby noses.

500

If "G" is dominant for green skin, and "g" is recessive for yellow skin, what genotypes will give you green skin?

GG and Gg