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Signaling
Development
T-Cell Immunity
Killing
Regulation
100
Needs the CD3 complex (CD3γ, CD3δ, and CD3ε) and the ζ chain for signaling after antigen recognition/binding
What is TCR
100
The differentiation signal given to the CLP in the thymus via interactions with thymic stroma, to begin differentiation
What is NOTCH-1
100
Name of the response that involves the activation of naïve T cells in response to antigen, and their subsequent proliferation and differentiation into effector cells. Two Main Functions: (a) macrophage activation by T cells, (b) provide help to B cells to trigger antibody production
What is a primary cell-mediated immune response
100
Effector molecules produced by effector T cells fall into these two classes
What is cytotoxins and cytokines/membrane associated proteins
100
IFNg or IL-4 inhibits this cell type from developing and skews the immune response towards either a TH1 or TH2
What is TH17
200
Both of these receptors are composed of antigen-binding chains, but do not have any intrinsic signaling capacity
What are the BCR and TCR
200
Secreted by bone marrow stromal cells and essential for the growth and survival of developing B cells
What is IL-7
200
The activation and clonal expansion of naive T cells on their initial encounter with antigen
What is priming
200
CTLs kill their targets by inducing them to undergo this type of death
What is apoptosis
200
IFNg inhibits the proliferation of this T cell subset
What is TH2
300
Small biochemical mediators activated by signaling pathways that can diffuse throughout the cell, enabling the signal to activate a variety of target proteins: (hint: Include calcium and magnesium ions)
What are second messengers
300
Stage in T cell development where b-chain rearrangement is tested with help of the PTa surrogate a-chain
What is DN4 (will accept DN3)
300
Chemokine that prompts T cell extravasation into LN
What is CCL21
300
Two effector molecules used in killing: Stored in active form, but conditions within the granules prevent their functionality until released
What is perforin & granzyme
300
IL-4 and IL-10, products of TH2 cells, can inhibit this cytokine from being secreted by DCs
What is IL-12
400
Type of pathway that includes cytochrome C release from the mitochondria, Apaf-1, and caspase 9
What is the intrinsic pathway
400
Surrogate chains that are encoded by non-rearranging genes and their expression is induced by E2A and EBF
What is lambda-5 and VpreB
400
IL-12 and IFNg initiate this T effector subset
What is TH1
400
CTLs also act by releasing these three cytokines
What is IFNg, TNFa, and LTa
400
Treatment with combination of IFNa, IFNg and IL-12 can induce IFNg production from this T cell subset
What is TH2
500
CTLA-4, PD-1, ITIMs, BTLA
What are inhibitors of signaling
500
light chain rearrangement exhibits these two qualities, allowing several attempts to be made before cell deletion
What is isotypic exclusion and alleleic exclusion
500
IL-6, IL-23, and TGFb initiate this T cell subset
What is TH-17
500
DAILY DOUBLE!
Define the immunological synapse and how it occurs (briefly)
500
Both of these cytokines amplify T cell activity and signal through the JAK-STAT pathway (hint: share the p40 subunit)
What is IL-23 and IL-12