Orthopedics &
Neurology
Neurology
This cranial cruciate ligament injury is a common cause of pelvic limb lameness in dogs.
Cranial cruciate ligament tear or rupture
This type of anemia is characterized by a decreased red blood cell count or hematocrit and an increased reticulocyte response when regeneration is appropriate for the species and timing.
Regenerative anemia
This class of medications includes carprofen and meloxicam and is commonly used to manage pain and inflammation in dogs.
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
This highly contagious viral disease can cause vomiting, diarrhea, and severe intestinal damage, especially in inadequately vaccinated puppies.
Parvovirus infection
A male cat repeatedly visits the litter box, strains to urinate, and produces little or no urine. This immediately life-threatening condition must be ruled out.
Urethral obstruction
A dog has acute pelvic limb paralysis, absent deep pain perception, and a history of intervertebral disc disease. This neurologic emergency requires prompt assessment.
Severe intervertebral disc extrusion causing spinal cord compression
This white blood cell is commonly associated with allergic responses and parasitic disease when increased in number, although other causes exist.
Eosinophil
This opioid antagonist can reverse the effects of opioid medications.
Naloxone
This vector-borne disease, transmitted by infected ticks, can cause fever, thrombocytopenia, and other systemic abnormalities in dogs.
Ehrlichiosis
Anaplasmosis
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
This feline retrovirus can cause immunosuppression and is transmitted primarily through bites and other routes involving infected bodily fluids.
Feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV)
This bedside neurologic test evaluates conscious proprioception and is commonly performed by assessing paw replacement.
Proprioceptive positioning test
This laboratory finding describes an abnormally low platelet count and may increase concern for spontaneous bleeding when severe.
Thrombocytopenia
This medication is commonly used to treat insulin-responsive diabetes mellitus in dogs and cats.
Insulin
A dog presents with fever, painful joints, lethargy, and shifting-leg lameness after tick exposure.
Lyme disease
This common metabolic complication may be associated with chronic kidney disease.
Metabolic acidosis
This degenerative spinal cord disease is one possible diagnosis, especially in predisposed older dogs.
Degenerative myelopathy (DM)
chronic degenerative radiculomyelopathy (CDRM)
A blood smear reveals red blood cells containing small, round inclusions near the cell margins. In a dog with suspected oxidative injury, these findings may represent this type of red blood cell inclusion.
Heinz bodies
This antibiotic combination contains a beta-lactam antibiotic and a beta-lactamase inhibitor and is commonly used in small animal practice.
Amoxicillin-clavulanate
his inherited orthopedic condition involves abnormal development of the hip joint and is particularly common in predisposed large-breed dogs.
Hip dysplasia
This disease is characterized by inflammation of the feline lower urinary tract, but in many affected cats no specific cause can be identified.
Feline idiopathic cystitis
A dog suddenly develops a head tilt, nystagmus, and loss of balance without obvious weakness. This neurologic system is most likely affected.
Vestibular system
This specific type of erythrocyte morphology features uniform, blunt, finger-like projections and is commonly associated with hemangiosarcoma, liver disease, or splenic disorders.
Acanthocytes (spur cells)
This antibiotic class inhibits bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit and includes doxycycline.
Tetracyclines
A dog presents with acute vomiting, abdominal pain, and a history of eating a high-fat meal. This inflammatory condition is high on the differential list.
Pancreatitis
A cat presents with fever, abdominal effusion, weight loss, and hyperglobulinemia. This systemic disease should be considered, although these findings alone are not diagnostic
Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP)