Alcohol
What type of substance is alcohol classified as?
Central Nervous System (CNS) depressant
What plant does nicotine occur in?
The tobacco plant
What are 3 possible examples of inhalants that can be abused.
Paint thinners or removers, dry-cleaning fluids, gasoline, lighter fluid, art or office supply solvents, correction fluids, felt-tip marker fluid, electronic contact cleaners, glue
What is the medicinal benefit of opioids when it is used properly.
Pain relief
What are the 3 primary categories of hallucinogens
psychedelics, dissociatives, and deliriants
Name 3 symptoms of alcoholism
Behavioral: antisocial behavior, impulsivity, self-harm, or lack of restraint
Mood: anxiety, general discontent, or loneliness
Gastrointestinal: nausea or vomiting
Whole body: craving or blackout
Also common: physical substance dependence, depression, or headache
What chemical does nicotine trigger in the brain?
Dopamine
Name 3 short-term effects of using inhalants.
slurred or distorted speech
lack of coordination (control of body movement)
euphoria (feeling high)
dizziness
light-headed
hallucinations
Feeling drowsy
Headaches
Vomiting
List 3 short-term effects of opioid use
Sleepiness
Relaxation
Euphoria
Nausea
Vomiting
Constipation
Slowed breathing (hypoxia)
What is the most commonly abused hallucinogen
LSD
In severe cases, what is the initial treatment for alcoholism.
a. Psychological counseling
b. Alcohol detox
c. Inpatient rehab
d. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
B (Alcohol Detox)
Name 3 harmful substances in cigarettes
Nicotine, tobacco, tar, carbon monoxide, arsenic, ammonia, benzene, cadmium, lead, beryllium, etc.
Name 3 physical signs of inhalant abuse?
chemical odors on breath or clothes, paint stains, significant weight loss/loss of appetite, runny nose/nosebleeds, poor hygiene
Name 3 drugs that are considered to be opiods
Oxycodone
Oxymorphone
Hydrocodone
Hydromorphone
Fentanyl
Morphine
Codeine
Methadone
Tramadol
Buprenorphine
Heroin
Name 3 long-term effects of hallucinogens
flashbacks, anxiet/depression, memory loss, personality changes, psychosis, dependence, anxiety/panic attacks
List 2 drugs commonly used to treat alcoholism and explain how they work.
Naltrexone (Vivitrol/depade/revia)- Naltrexone works by blocking the mu opioid receptor. It blocks the effects of alcohol and opioid medications, preventing the intoxication these substances cause
Disulfiram (Antabuse)- It works by blocking an enzyme that is involved in breaking down alcohol. Combining disulfiram with alcohol produces very unpleasant side effects which can help keep you from drinking.
Acamprosate (Campral)- Drinking alcohol alters the balance of neurotransmitters. Acamprosate is thought to work by restoring their balance. It primarily works by decreasing the excessive excitation that accompanies alcohol dependence.
What age group smokes the most cigarettes
a. Below 18
b. 18-24
c. 25-44
d. 45+
C (25-44)
Name 2 ways that inhalant abuse can be detected.
Clinical diagnosis by medical professionals
Clinical tests showing elevated liver enzymes
Blood/tissue testing through gas chromatography
Specific urine tests can trace benzene, toluene, and other similar substances
What part of the brain do opioids target and how do they work
They activate an area of nerve cells in the brain and body called opioid receptors that block pain signals between the brain and the body.
In the brain, LSD works by
inhibiting the activity of serotonin
The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) lists 11 symptoms of AUD (Alcohol Use Disorder) and if a person meets any 5, they are considered to have AUD. Which of the following is not one of those 11 symptoms.
a. More than once wanted to cut down or stop drinking, or tried to, but not being able to
b. Hallucinating after going long periods of time without drinking any alcohol
c. Having to drink much more than you once did to get the same effect
d. Getting into extremely dangerous situations after drinking
B; while hallucinating is a possible side effect of drinking, it is very rare and is not a symptom that is typically characteristic of an alcoholic
What percentage of high school and middle school students reported using a tobacco product at least once in 2022.
a. 4.4%
b. 11.3%
c. 17.9%
d. 27.3%
B (11.3%)
What part of the brain do inhalants affect?
Inhalants damage nerve fibers, which are the communication network of cells in the brain and body that keep the brain and body working properly. Inhalants also damage brain cells by limiting the amount of oxygen that reaches it.
What percentage of teens in 2019 were found to misuse prescription opioids
a. 14.3%
b. 17.4%
c. 19.4%
d. 23.3%
A (14.3%)
At what age is the use of hallucinogens the most common?
a. 15-17
b. 18-20
b. 21-25
c. 26+
B (18-20)