Learning Outcome 1
Substances that can alter the Central Nervous System (CNS), affect thought, mood, and behavior.
Psychoactive Drugs
This CNS stimulant causes poor oral health such as rotten and missing teeth as a result of decreased salivation.
"Meth" Methamphetamine
STIMULANTS
Withdrawal symptoms from these drugs include severe anxiety, insomnia, seizures, sweats, nausea or vomiting
Benzodiazepines
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms where the patient experiences tingling, numbness, and insect crawling on and under the skin.
Tactile Disturbances
The body's physiological adaptation to the drug.
Physical Dependency
This condition is characterized by slow shallow breathing, clammy skin, pinpoint pupils, convulsions, in severe cases coma.
Opiate overdose
THC
What medication would you anticipate that the doctor would prescribe to manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
Benzodiazepine
During this stage is an individual actively taking steps to change a behavior but has not yet maintained the behavior change for more than six months.
Action
When a person needs higher and or more frequent use of drugs to get the desired effect from the drugs/substance.
Tolerance
This medication is used to reverse the effects of opiate overdose.
Naloxone
Used to screen substance use disorder (ie., alcohol) by asking four questions.
CAGE
CAGE AID
This screening scale is used to assess and manage alcohol withdrawal symptoms.
CIWA-AR
Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol
This stage in TTM (transtheoretical model) is when a person is not aware of the problem or not serious about change.
Precontemplation
Factors that make a person less susceptible to addiction.
Protective Factors
Drugs in this category cause a disconnect between the physical world and the user’s perception of the physical world.
Hallucinogen
Powers the ability to think, plan, make decisions, and problem solve and is the last part of the brain to develop (making teens vulnerable to drug use)
Prefrontal cortex
Give an example of a priority nursing diagnosis relevant to alcohol misuse.
Fluid imbalance
Imbalance nutrition
Risk for injury
Risk for ineffective coping
The nurse is the expert but the patient is responsible for change. Use a persuasive instead of an argumentative approach.
Motivational Interviewing
A diagnostic tool that enumerates the criteria that a person needs to meet to diagnose substance use disorder.
DSM-5 or DSM-5 TR
A medical emergency characterized by sudden and severe changes in the nervous system and brain function due to the abrupt cessation or significant reduction in alcohol consumption after a period of heavy drinking.
DT Delirium Tremens
Wernicke’s Encephalopathy (Acute Phase) and Korsakoff’s Syndrome (Chronic Phase) are some of the complications of this substance.
Alcohol
Withdrawal symptoms of substances in this category include: loss of energy, anxiety, sleep problems, anhedonia, insomnia
CNS Stimulants
A worldwide organization whose primary purpose is to support individuals struggling with alcohol addiction by providing a safe, non-judgmental space.
AA Alcoholic Anonymous