History of ADHD
When was the first case of ADHD documented in writing? (What century?)
In 1798 by Scottish physician Sir Alexander Crichton
What is the name of the set of guidelines established by the American Psychiatric Association used to diagnose individuals with ADHD?
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)
Women with ADHD are more likely than men to show what subtype
Inattentive
Myth or Fact: ADHD is overdiagnosed
MYTHHHH! The diagnostic criteria have just changed :)
When can students sign up for Student Life Disability Services (SLDS) Accommodations at Ohio State?
At any point during the school year or over the summer!
When did ADHD first appear in the American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)?
1968 - It first appeared in the DSM-II (second edition)
Which subtype (inattentive, hyperactive, or combined) is the most common subtype diagnosed?
The combined subtype
Historically, ADHD diagnostic criteria was largely based on research conducted on this population, contributing to underdiagnosis in women
Male children
Myth or Fact: ADHD is an intellectual disability
Myth: it’s a neurodevelopmental disorder
Who should you contact if you feel you have been unfairly discriminated against in the workplace for having ADHD?
An attorney who specializes in disability rights
What was ADHD originally called in the DSM?
“Hyperkinetic Reaction of Childhood”
For adults to be diagnosed with any subtype, they need to display at least __ of the 9 symptoms for at least 6 months
5
This coping strategy, common among women with ADHD, involves overcompensating, perfectionism, or people-pleasing to hide symptoms
Masking
Myth or Fact: ADHD is highly heritable
Fact
What’s the name of the federal law that prevents workplace discrimination against those with ADHD?
The Americans with Disabilities Act (1990) and subsequent Amendments (2008)
When was Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD) renamed to Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder (ADHD)?
In 1987 (DSM-III)
List two symptoms from either inattentive or hyperactive subtype (or one of each)
Inattentive:
Makes careless mistakes/lacks attention to detail
Has difficulty sustaining attention
Does not seem to listen when spoken to directly
Fails to follow through on tasks and instructions
Exhibits poor organization
Avoids/dislikes tasks requiring sustained mental effort
Loses things necessary for tasks/activities
Easily distracted (including unregulated thoughts)
Is forgetful in daily activities
Fidgets with or taps hands or feet, squirms in seat
Leaves seat in situations when remaining seated is expected
Experiences feelings of restlessness
Has difficulty engaging in quiet, leisurely activities
Is “on-the-go” or acts as if “driven by a motor”
Talks excessively
Blurts our answers
Has difficulty waiting their turn
Interrupts or intrudes on others
Fluctuations in this hormone can worsen ADHD symptoms during certain phases of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, or menopause
Estrogen
Myth or Fact: ADHD diagnoses among American adults have increased four times faster than diagnoses for American children
Fact
True or False: Students at ALL institutions of learning are required to receive disability accommodations under federal law
False! Religious schools don’t receive federal funding and are therefore exempt from following federal law regarding disability services
When was the first documented use of stimulants to treat symptoms of ADHD and other behavioral disorders?
In 1937 by Charles Bradley
What percent of adults live with ADHD worldwide?
3% (Cleveland Clinic)
What percentage of women receive their ADHD diagnosis in adulthood?
61% (CDC)
Myth or Fact: Adults can develop ADHD
Myth! They’ve had it their entire life.
True or false: Legal protections for those with ADHD are the same in every U.S. state
False!