General
Correct the error:
The book that we read it in class was about the history of jazz.
Delete "it":
The book that we read in class was about the history of jazz.
Choose the correct sentence in each pair:
a) I like to shop at the farmers' market on Saturdays when I have a day off.
b) I like to shop at the farmers' market on Saturdays where I have a day off.
I like to shop at the farmers' market on Saturdays when I have a day off.
Choose the correct completion:
The teacher is looking for the student [WHO / WHOSE] cell phone was left in class.
The teacher is looking for the student WHOSE cell phone was left in class.
Choose the correct sentence in each pair:
a) There were fourteen students in my grammar class, seven were from Korea.
b) There were fourteen students in my grammar class, seven of whom were from Korea.
There were fourteen students in my grammar class, seven of whom were from Korea.
Choose the correct sentence in each pair:
a) My best friend went to work in Indonesia, which consists of thousands of islands.
b) My best friend went to work in Indonesia, that consists of thousands of islands.
My best friend went to work in Indonesia, which consists of thousands of islands.
*You CANNOT use ", THAT"
*This clause modifies only the noun "Indonesia," not the whole sentence.
Choose all possible completions for each sentence:
I don't know the man [WHO / WHOM / THAT / Ø / WHICH] Teri is engaged to.
I don't know the man WHO / WHOM / THAT / Ø Teri is engaged to.
Choose the correct sentence in each pair:
a) When the weather is nice, the children like to go to the beach which is close to their house.
b) When the weather is nice, the children like to go to the beach where is close to their house.
When the weather is nice, the children like to go to the beach which is close to their house.
*To use "where," the subject of the clause must be different than the noun it is modifying. In this sentence, both are "beach," so only "WHICH" is correct.
Choose the correct completion:
The neighbors [WHO / WHOSE] live upstairs are very noisy.
The neighbors WHO live upstairs are very noisy.
Choose the correct completion:
The hiring committee interviewed six applicants, only [THREE / THREE OF WHOM / BOTH OF WHOM / THREE OF WHO] they liked.
The hiring committee interviewed six applicants, only THREE OF WHOM they liked.
Combine the sentences. Use the second sentence as an adjective clause.
Mike was accepted into Tokyo University. This was surprising.
Mike was accepted into Tokyo University, WHICH was surprising.
*This is modifying the whole sentence, not just the noun.
Choose all possible completions for the sentence:
My daughter had on a dress [WHO / Ø / THAT / WHICH / IT] was too short, so I made her change her clothes before she went out.
My daughter had on a dress THAT / WHICH was too short, so I made her change her clothes before she went out.
Complete the sentence:
I remember the small town in Montana _____ I grew up.
I remember the small town in Montana WHERE I grew up.
[*Also OK: I remember the small town in Montana IN WHICH I grew up.]
*NO comma--the clause is essential to specify which town.
Choose the correct completion:
The building [WHICH / IN WHICH] I work is only a 5-minute walk from the train station.
The building IN WHICH I work is only a 5-minute walk from the train station.
[Also OK: The building WHICH/THAT/Ø I work IN is only a 5-minute walk from the train station.
OR: The building WHERE I work is only a 5-minute walk from the train station.]
Choose the correct completion:
The firefighters, several of [WHO / WHOM / WHOSE] had worked through the night, were exhausted from battling the fire on the hills near the city.
The firefighters, several of WHOM had worked through the night, were exhausted from battling the fire on the hills near the city.
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause:
Max stopped to get coffee at Starbucks. This was part of his morning routine.
Max stopped to get coffee at Starbucks, WHICH was part of his morning routine.
*You must use a comma and delete "this." Here, the clause is modifying the whole sentence, not just the noun.
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause.
Yesterday's game will be rescheduled. It was canceled due to the weather.
Yesterday's game, WHICH/THAT was canceled due to the weather, will be rescheduled.
*Notice that commas are needed!
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause.
In the 1960s, life was simple. I was a kid then.
In the 1960s, WHEN I was a kid, life was simple.
Same meaning but different order: In the 1960s, WHEN life was simple, I was a kid.
*Add a comma, and delete "then"!
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause:
The dog always begs for food. Its back leg is injured.
The dog WHOSE back leg is injured always begs for food.
*No commas needed. Make sure you're modifying the correct noun ("dog", not "food")
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause:
We ordered an extra-large pizza. Half of it contained meat and half of it didn't.
We ordered an extra-large pizza, HALF OF WHICH contained meat and HALF OF WHICH didn't.
Add commas if and where necessary:
Tom who lives in Port Hadlock is graduating from high school in June.
Tom, who lives in Port Hadlock, is graduating from high school in June.
*"Tom" is a specific noun, so add commas for extra information. Also, don't forget the second comma too!
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause.
The woman had completely changed. Jim remembered meeting her several years earlier.
The woman WHO/WHOM/THAT Jim remembered meeting several years earlier had completely changed.
*Notice there are no commas--the information is ESSENTIAL to explain exactly which "woman" he's referring to.
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause.
On our last family vacation we went to Disneyland. We shook hands with Mickey Mouse there.
On our last family vacation we went to Disneyland, WHERE we shook hands with Mickey Mouse.
*Add a comma, and make sure to delete "there"!
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause:
The man was very polite. We bought our car from him.
The man FROM WHOM we bought our car was very polite.
[Also OK: The man WHO/WHOM/THAT/Ø we bought our car FROM was very polite.]
Combine the two sentences. Use the second sentence as the adjective clause:
The two women have almost completed law school. They began their studies at age 40.
The two women, BOTH OF WHOM began their studies at age 40, have almost completed law school.
*Make sure you are modifying the correct noun ("women", not "school").
Add commas if and where necessary.
People who work outside at night must wear reflective clothing so they can be seen.
NO COMMAS: People who work outside at night must wear reflective clothing so they can be seen.
*"People" is general, so the clause is essential information--so NO commas are used.