Biology
Involves hormonal and physical changes that contribute to sexual maturity and adult height (coming of age)
What is Puberty?
a period of time between childhood and adulthood.
What is Adolescence?
test takers mental age divided by chronological age multiplied by 100
What is Intelligent Quotient (IQ)?
suggests that children's intelligence undergoes changes as they grow.
What is Piaget's cognitive development theory?
a Swiss psychologist who became a leading theorist in 1930s on cognitive development in children
Who is Jean Piaget?
Century-long decline in the average age at which children reach puberty in the developed world
What is the Secular Trend?
The tendency of young teenagers to feel that their actions are at the center of everyone else's consciousness
Adolescent Egocentrism
to think abstractly and reason about imaginary problems
What is hypothetical reasoning?
human learning is largely a social process, and our cognitive functions are formed based on our interactions with those around us who are "more skilled
What is a sociocultural theory?
believed learning has its basis in interacting with other people.
Who is Lev Vygotsky?
Changes directly involving the organs of reproduction
What are Primary Sexual Characteristics?
The simultaneous release of growth hormones, thyroid hormones and androgens stimulate rapid acceleration in height and weight
What is adolescent growth spurt?
The tendency of adolescents to feel that everyone is watching their every action (worried about people's opinions)
Imaginary Audience
Abstract reasoning at its peak
What is the Formal Operation stage?
a development psychologist who studied adolescence
Who is David Elkind?
Physical changes not directly involved in reproduction
What are Secondary Sexual Characteristics?
the conclusion of puberty is noted by the closing of the ends of long bones
What is epiphysis?
The tendency of adolescents to believe that their lives are special and heroic (inflated self-worth and self-centered)
Personal Fable
the ability to think about mental states, both your own and those of others.
What is theory of mind?
female collaborator on formal operational thinking
Who is Bärbel Inhelder?
puberty usually occurs before age eight in girls and before age nine in boys.
What is precocious puberty?
the pituitary begins to secrete hormones that act on the thyroid and adrenal glands leading to early sexual feelings
What is adrenarche?
illusion of invulnerability
What is a mythological fable?
decision making is a rational process in which individuals calculate the costs and benefits of alternative course of action and behave in ways that maximize the benefits and minimize the costs
What is Behavior decision theory?
believed intelligence is judgment and adapting to one’s circumstances
Who is Lewis Terman?