Adolescence

Puberty

100

Involves hormonal and physical changes that contribute to sexual maturity and adult height (coming of age)

Puberty

200

Century-long decline in the average age at which children reach puberty in the developed world

Secular Trend

300

Changes directly involving the organs of reproduction

Primary Sexual Characteristics

400

Physical changes not directly involved in reproduction

Secondary Sexual Characteristics

500

5 domains related to overall self-esteem

Scholastic competence, behavioral conduct, athletic skills, peer like-ability, and physical appearance

Sexual Desire

100

What are some factors affecting an earlier transition to intercourse?

The media, biology, SES (income), ethnicity, personality, religion, and peer pressure

200

Cultural code "giving" men greater sexual freedom than women

Sexual Double Standard

300

True or False: Dramatic pruning occurs in the frontal lobes

True

400

True or False: Insulating myelin sheath will not reach mature form for years

True

500

2 neurotransmitters that are heightened

Dopamine and Serotonin 

Piaget

100

Abstract reasoning at its peak

Formal Operational Thinking (12 years)

200

Is this the final stage of cognitive growth? 

Yes

300

What helps problem-solving, hypothesizing and inferencing?

Hypothetico-deductive reasoning

400

How does hypothetico-deductive reasoning help us with concepts?

It helps us think logically and come up with hypothetical responsibilities

500

What does this stage do after 12 years old?

Full cognitive potential is reached and it furthers logical reasoning

Kohlberg

100

Stages of moral reasoning

Kohlberg's Moral Reasoning

200

Focused on personal punishment and reward (no internal moral sense)

Pre-conventional Level

300

Focused on obeying social norms (society's rules and norms to dictate behavior)

Conventional Level

400

Focused on inner moral guidelines apart from society (focused on own conscience and can get stuck at one level)

Post-Conventional Level

500

Awareness raised about values and moral priorities

Contribution

Elkind

100

Occurs as children begin to see beneath the surface of adult rules as they attempt to make sense of adultescent emotional states

Elkind's Adolescent Egocentrism

200

The tendency of young teenagers to feel that their actions are at the centre of everyone else's consciousness 

Adolescent Egocentrism 

300

The tendency of adolescents to believe that their lives are special and heroic (inflated self-worth and self-centered)

Personal Fable

400

The tendency of adolescents to feel that everyone is watching their every action (worried about people's opinions)

Imaginary Audience

500

The wreckage on the body and the mind by being more vulnerable to negative peer pressure, which accounts for emotional states and behaviour

Storm and Stress