Aphasias
The definition of aphasia?
What is "without language" (a + phasia)
A symptom that may result in difficulty concentrating and remembering information, and patient may not be able to endure the entire length of a session.
Extreme fatigue
Injury to this part typically results in deficits to the left side of the body
Right hemisphere - right half of the cerebral cortex
For most people, language is processed in which hemisphere?
The left hemisphere
This is what a person has when he/she does not notice the left halves of objects, faces or own body.
Left-Neglect
A type of stroke due to a blood clot that blocks or plugs a blood vessel in the brain.
What is Ischemic Stroke?
A kind of deficit resulting from brain damage that can be more disabling than the communication deficit itself.
Altered relationships.
This is defined by the ability to identify visual and spatial relationships among objects.
Visuospatial skills are needed for movement (dressing self), depth and distance perception (driving), and spatial navigation (orientation to maps).
The 4 lobes of the brain
Frontal, Temporal, Parietal & Occipital
The oral muscles and structures used to produce speech.
Articulators (lips, tongue, cheeks, mandible, palate, etc.)
A brain event resulting when blood from an artery begins bleeding into the brain.
Hemorrhagic Stroke.
There is a higher mortality (death) rate in individuals if this occurs within 24-hours of a stroke.
Seizures.
Auditory dysfunction.
difficulty with hearing
dys = difficulty with; function
Auditory = related to hearing
The pairs of nerves that connect your brain to different parts of your head, neck, and trunk.
Cranial Nerves.
Activities that we do every day without assistance; eating, bathing, dressing, going to the bathroom...
Activities of Daily Living (ADLs)
The language deficits that will be affected following brain damage.
Depends on the area of the brain that is damaged.
A deficit resulting in limited ability to see objects on the right or left side despite typical vision.
Visual field disturbances.
A chronic, progressive syndrome that negatively affects a person's memory, thinking, behavior and daily activities.
Dementia
A condition that results in deficits to one side (half) of the body that results from damage to the brain on the opposite side.
Hemiplegia
Hemi = half (hemi-plegia 2 limbs; one side of the body)
Quad = four (quadri-plegia 4 limbs)
A collection of blood outside of a blood vessel
Hematoma (e.g. a bruise)
A fluent aphasia that disturbs the ability to understand language.
Wernicke's Aphasia
An inability to stop doing or saying something; repetitive.
Perseveration
A condition where the individual is unaware of having difficulty or an impairing condition.
Anosognosia
When impairments typically decrease in severity within 6 months of injury
Spontaneous Recovery
Speech disturbance resulting from brain damage in which words are jumbled and sentences meaningless.
Paraphasia
Phonemic paraphasia's typically have errors with individual phonemes ("deks" v desk)
Verbal paraphasia are confusion with words ("I put my foot (shoe) on when I went outside.")
A non-fluent aphasia that impairs the ability to produce speech voluntarily.
Broca's Aphasia.
Deficits noted on the right side of the body is due to damage to this.
Left hemisphere brain damage.
Prosopagnosia
Cerebellum
A progressive disease, often irreversible deterioration, and loss of function in the organs or tissues.
Degenerative
Degenerative disc disease
Degenerative brain tissue --> Dementia
A fluent aphasia that disrupts a person's ability to find the words he wants to say.
Anomic Aphasia.
A condition resulting in difficulty categorizing information. This leads to deficits with receptive and expressive language, reading and writing, and even math.
Abstract-Concrete Imbalance.
The goal is to reduce the severity of the impairment, or augment existing/residual communication abilities.
Intervention/Treatment strategies for aphasia.
The cranial nerves (CN) responsible for speech and swallowing.
CN 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 & 12
Speech 9, 10, 11
Swallowing 5, 7, 9, 10, 12
relating to the space around a person or object
spatial
(spatial awareness)