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All about the Liver
Kidneys
Name that disease
Spots and dots
Did I hear something?
100
AST and ALT are considered these.
What are transaminases.
100
This GFR is associated with stage IV Chronic Kidney disease.
What is a GFR of 15-29.
100
This is another name for greater vestibular glands, may become infected and will need I&D or excision.
What are Bartholin's glands. They were first described in the 17th century by the Danish anatomist Caspar Bartholin the Younger (1655–1738).
100
Small, reddish brown or even flesh-colored, smooth, shiny, 0.1- to 0.3 cm papules present over the sides of the nose and the medial portions of the cheeks
What are angiofibromas. Associated with Tuberous Sclerosis.
100
It is extra heart sound of to-and-fro character, typically with three components, one systolic and two diastolic. It resembles the sound of squeaky leather and often is described as grating, scratching, or rasping.
What is a pericardial friction rub?
200
Associated with ascites that does not improve with standard diuretic medications.
What is type II hepatorenal Syndrome. Type I is associated with rapidly, progressive decline in kidney function.
200
This type of benign tumor consists of blood vessels, smooth muscle cells and fat cells
What is an angiomyolipoma?
200
This is another name for esophageal rupture due to vomiting.
What is Boerhaave syndrome. This condition was first documented by the 18th-century physician Herman Boerhaave, after whom it is named. a Dutch botanist, humanist and physician of European fame. He is regarded as the founder of clinical teaching and of the modern academic hospital. His main achievement was to demonstrate the relation of symptoms to lesions. In addition, he was the first to isolate the chemical urea from urine. His motto was Simplex sigillum veri; Simplicity is the sign of truth.
200
Appear as tender, red nodules/lumps on both shins due to inflammation of the fat cells under the skin.
What is Erythema Nodosum.
200
Characterized by a crescendo-decrescendo murmur, which is harsh and rough and is frequently accompanied by a thrill. Best heard on the right side, over the second intercostal space. Along with its thrill, the murmur radiates into the base of the neck
What is Aortic Stenosis?
300
INR, Albumin, Bilirubin.
What are markers of liver function?
300
This test has limited meaning unless urine volume has dropped to less than 500 mL/day.
What is a FENa.
300
Otherwise known as eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis [EGPA] or allergic granulomatosis and associated with P-ANCA +.
What is Churg–Strauss syndrome. In 1951, pathologists Jacob Churg and Lotte Strauss reported "fever...hypereosinophilia, symptoms of cardiac failure, renal damage, and peripheral neuropathy, resulting from vascular embarrassment in various systems of organs"
300
An outbreak of swollen, pale red bumps or plaques on the skin that appear suddenly, and blanch. Often as a result of the body's adverse reaction to certain allergens.
What is urticaria (hives)?
300
In this condition, S1 is followed by a high-pitched holosystolic murmur at the apex, radiating to the back or clavicular area.
What is Mitral regurgitation?
400
First line treatment for this disease is phlebotomy
What is hemochromatosis.
400
The initiation of an ACE-i may precipitate rapid decline in renal function in this disease.
What is Renal Artery Stenosis?
400
It is associated with palpable purpura (small hemorrhages); often with joint and abdominal pain. More often affects children, but can be seen in adults.
What is Henoch–Schönlein purpura? It is named after Eduard Heinrich Henoch (1820–1910), a German pediatrician and his teacher Johann Lukas Schönlein (1793–1864), who described it in the 1860s. Schönlein associated the purpura and arthritis, and Henoch the purpura and gastrointestinal involvement. The English physician William Heberden (1710–1801) and the dermatologist Robert Willan (1757–1812) had already described the disease in 1802 and 1808, respectively, but the name Heberden–Willan disease has fallen into disuse. William Osler was the first to recognise the underlying allergic mechanism of HSP.
400
begins with a single "herald patch" lesion, followed in 1 or 2 weeks by a generalized body rash lasting up to 12 weeks.
What is pityriasis rosea.
400
It is a high-pitched musical breath sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the larynx or lower in the bronchial tree.
What is stridor?
500
This genetic disorder can affect both the lungs and the liver (15% of adult patients).
What is alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency? It affects about 1 in 1,500 to 3,500 individuals with European ancestry. Inherited in an autosomal codominant pattern. Codominance means that two different versions of the gene may be active (expressed), and both versions contribute to the genetic trait.
500
Pericardial friction rub in setting of acute on chronic kidney failure is an indication for this treatment.
What is dialysis. Up to 20% of dialysis patients will experience a friction rub within the first 3 months of dialysis.
500
This disease is characterized by episodes of vertigo, low-pitched tinnitus, and hearing loss.
What is Meniere's disease. Named after the French physician Prosper Ménière, who, in an article published in 1861, first reported that vertigo was caused by inner ear disorders
500
Characterized by shiny, flat-topped bumps that often have an angular shape and a reddish-purplish color. May occur anywhere on the skin but is often found on the insides of the wrists and ankles, the lower legs, the back, and the neck.
What is lichen planus.
500
An abnormal sound heard heard over vasculature due to obstruction.
What is a bruit (pronounced "broot").