ADHD & Grief
For individuals under 17, this number of symptoms of inattention or hyperactivity/impulsivity must be present for at least 6 months for diagnosis.
What is six?
This diagnosis requires at least 2 weeks of depressed mood or loss of interest, plus 4 additional symptoms such as sleep, appetite, energy, concentration, guilt, or suicidal thoughts.
What is Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)?
ACEs increase risk for problems in what two major areas of health?
What are physical health and mental health?
This type of therapy is considered the gold standard for treating anxiety disorders.
What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)?
This type of depression is characterized by only depressive episodes, without mania or hypomania.
What is unipolar depression?
This neurotransmitter is hijacked in substance use disorders, flooding the brain’s reward pathway.
What is dopamine?
This type of grief occurs before a loss actually happens, such as when caring for a terminally ill loved one.
What is anticipatory grief?
True or False: Asking a patient if they are suicidal can increase their risk of acting on those thoughts.
What is False?
ACEs include experiences of abuse, neglect, and ________.
What is household dysfunction?
Persistent worry lasting longer than this duration is required for a diagnosis of Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD).
What is 6 months?
This is the minimum frequency and duration required for an insomnia diagnosis.
What is at least 3 nights per week for at least 3 months?
According to DSM-5, substance misuse is defined as use with these.
What are consequences?
These are the first-line pharmacologic treatments for ADHD and include medications like methylphenidate and amphetamines.
What are stimulants?
A patient started on SSRIs may have improved energy before mood improves, creating this heightened risk during the first few weeks of treatment.
What is suicide risk?
Nurses are encouraged to use this type of care framework that includes “Realize, Recognize, Respond, and Resist re-traumatization.”
What is trauma-informed care?
Panic disorder is characterized by unexpected panic attacks and this type of anticipatory fear.
What is fear of future attacks (anticipatory anxiety)?What is Buspirone (Buspar)?
This mood stabilizer is first-line for bipolar disorder, requires close monitoring, and carries a risk of toxicity.
What is lithium?
This rapid outpatient screening tool asks 4 questions about alcohol use.
What is CAGE?
This non-pharmacologic therapy helps patients with ADHD by teaching coping skills, time management, and ways to reduce distractibility.
What is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)?
This validated tool is often used in primary care to screen for depression and monitor severity over time.
What is the PHQ-9?
This pyramid model shows how childhood trauma → risky behaviors → disease, disability, and early death
What is the ACE Pyramid?
This medication class is considered first-line for panic disorder, but should be started at low doses due to sensitivity.
What are SSRIs/SNRIs?
Before diagnosing insomnia, clinicians should always evaluate for these underlying conditions (name 2).
What are obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), pain, GERD, thyroid disease, substance use, medications, or nocturia?
This scoring tool monitors acute alcohol withdrawal and guides benzodiazepine use.
What is CIWA?
According to DSM-5-TR, prolonged grief disorder is diagnosed when maladaptive grief continues for at least this long.
What is one year?
Severe warning signs such as hallucinations, delusions, or inability to perform basic self-care may require this immediate step in management.
What is hospitalization for patient safety?
This part of the brain often shows decreased volume in people with high ACE scores, leading to memory problems.
What is the hippocampus?
This non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic works as a serotonin 1A partial agonist and has no risk of dependence.
What is Buspirone (Buspar)?
Treating bipolar depression with antidepressants alone can be dangerous because of this risk.
What is triggering mania?
This first-line medication blocks opioid receptors to reduce the reward from alcohol use.
What is naltrexone (Revia, Vivitrol)?
This non-stimulant medication, often considered when stimulants are not tolerated, works as a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.
What is atomoxetine (Strattera)?
If a patient remains depressed after 6 weeks on an adequate SSRI dose, these are the next three steps you should consider.
What are (1) optimize the dose, assess current stressors and determine if a referral for psychotherapy is indicated, Review current behaviors regarding sleep hygiene, exercise, and alcohol use
From a public health lens, obesity is labeled a risk factor, but for survivors of childhood sexual abuse, it may serve as this.
What is a protective coping strategy?
Name at least two categories of PTSD symptoms required for diagnosis according to DSM-5 criteria.
What are re-experiencing, avoidance, negative cognition/mood changes, and arousal/reactivity symptoms?
This non-pharmacological treatment is considered the gold standard for chronic insomnia.
What is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I)?
This partial agonist is combined with naloxone to deter intravenous misuse
What is buprenorphine (Suboxone)?