Headaches
This type of headache causes severe, unilateral orbital pain lasting 30–90 min with tearing and nasal discharge
What is a cluster headache?
A tonic–clonic seizure includes these phases of movement.
What is rigidity followed by jerking?
Parkinson’s tremor is most prominent at this time.
What is at rest?
Trigeminal Neuralgia has these classic symptoms
What are recurrent, stabbing facial pain triggered by chewing or cold drinks.
This cranial nerve is affected in Bell’s palsy.
What is cranial nerve VII (facial nerve)?
MS is caused by this process in the central nervous system.
What is demyelination of the brain and spinal cord?
These medications are used for preventive migraine therapy.
What are propranolol, pregabalin, and venlafaxine?
Blank staring for 30–50 seconds with brief impaired consciousness describes which seizure type?
What is an absence seizure?
The first symptom that often leads patients to seek care.
What is tremor?
First-line pharmacologic treatment fortrigeminal neuralgia
What is carbamazepine (Tegretol)?
Most common cause of Bell’s palsy.
What is Idiopathic, often viral (HSV).
Common initial symptoms include these sensory changes
what are Numbness, weakness, or vision changes (optic neuritis).
This type of headache responds well to 100% oxygen.
What is a cluster headache?
This medication class is first-line for long-term seizure prevention.
What are antiepileptic drugs (e.g., carbamazepine, valproate)?
Name two hallmark motor features of Parkinson’s disease.
Bradykinesia and rigidity.
Diagnostic imaging used to rule out structural lesions.
What are MRI of the brain.
First-line pharmacologic management if started within 3 days.
What is Oral prednisone (60–80 mg daily × 7 days).
Principle goals of MS management.
What are delay progression, treat exacerbations, manage symptoms.
A patient says, “I have the worst headache of my life.” This is a red flag for which condition?
What is subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Priority management during a tonic–clonic seizure includes what first action?
Ensure airway safety and protect from injury.
This medication is the most effective for controlling Parkinson’s symptoms.
What is Levodopa/Carbidopa (Sinemet)?
Typical pain duration for trigeminal neuralgia.
What is a few seconds to 2 minutes per episode.
Key patient teaching for eye protection.
what is use artificial tears, patch the affected eye at night.
Medication used for acute relapse management.
High-dose IV corticosteroids.
Headache with scalp tenderness may indicate this vascular inflammatory condition.
What is giant cell arteritis?
What diagnostic test confirms seizure activity and type?
Electroencephalogram (EEG).
Dopamine agonists such as pramipexole or ropinirole are preferred in this group.
What are younger patients with mild disease?
Common comorbidity associated with secondary trigeminal neuralgia.
What is multiple sclerosis?
Differential diagnoses for unilateral facial droop.
what are Stroke, Lyme disease, Bell’s palsy.
This class of medications slows the progression of Multiple Sclerosis by reducing relapse rates and preventing new lesion formation.
What are disease-modifying therapies (DMTs)? (Examples: interferon beta, glatiramer acetate, dimethyl fumarate, fingolimod).
List one abortive and one preventive migraine treatment approach.
Abortive: triptans or NSAIDs; Preventive: beta-blockers or anticonvulsants.
What is the main goal of seizure management in primary care?
Identify underlying cause and optimize medication control.
Key teaching for patients on dopaminergic therapy.
Take at consistent times; monitor for hallucinations and orthostatic hypotension.
Education point to reduce depression risk.
what is encourage coping strategies and follow-up for mood and nutrition.
Most patients recover from Bells Palsy in this timeframe.
What is 2–3 months.
Which type of MS begins with relapses and remissions, then gradually worsens over time without full recovery between attacks?
What is secondary progressive MS?