APHASIA
- word finding difficulties
Anomic Aphasia
What is a buildup of lipids and cellular debris within arteries (primary cause leading to narrower artery channels and reduced arterial elasticity)
Atherosclerosis
Lifestyle habits that can help prevent stroke include:
Diet and exercise, smoking cessation, stress reduction, and medication/pharmaceutical support
What is a brief evaluation used to determine if an individual might have a communication problem that warrants further professional attention?
Screening
The act of talking around a word, describing it but not saying the intended word (often seen in broca's and anomic aphasia)
Circumlocution
Lesion site: posterior inferior frontal gyrus (BA 44 and 45)
Blood supply: MCA
-comprehension is spared
-Repetition is impaired
- Telegraphic speech
Broca's Aphasia
This type of stroke involves a blockage of blood flow
Occlusive (Ischemic) stroke
What are the 4 elements of aphasia
Acquired
Neurological cause
Affects receptive and expressive langauge across all modalities
Language disorder
What is flexible and tailored to the individuals needs?
Non-standardized assessment
The repetition of words heard from others (characteristic of transcortical motor aphasia, mixed transcortical motor, and transcortical sensory aphasia)
Echolalia
Lesion site: Large perisylvian lesion
- Stereotypy
Global Aphasia
This type of stroke involves bleeding in the brain
Hemorrhagic stroke
What does B.E.F.A.S.T. stand for?
Balance, eyes, face, arm, speech, time to call 911
What involves administering and scoring tests in a continent manner?
Standardized assessment
Example: saying frog for dog
Verbal/Semantic paraphasia
Lesion site: Arcuate Fasciculus (BA 40), posterior supramarginal gyrus
- Conduit d'approache
Caused by an embolus (traveling clot or debris) that blocks a brain artery
Embolic stroke
____ includes the site and nature of the lesion.
Etiology
What is a quick screening done in stroke units that assesses comprehension, expression, reading, and writing?
Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test (FAST)
In bilingual aphasia, this refers to the difficulty of staying in the target language and involuntary language mixing
Pathological code-switching
This type of aphasia is located in the anterior watershed area and they have difficulty initiating speech
Bleeding within the brain tissue
Intracranial hemorrhage
What does tPA stand for?
Tissue Plasminogen Activator
What type of assessment is used for bilingual/multilingual speakers?
Bilingual aphasia test (BAT)
This involves inaccurate syntactic rule application in speech including incorrect subject-verb agreement and verb tenses, typically seen in fluent aphasias like Wernicke's aphasia
Paragrammatism