STRUCTURE OF THE BRAIN
The thalamus and hypothalamus form what?
What is the diencephalon.
A crossing over of neuron axons in the CNS.
What is decussation.
If you were to think of the cerebrum as a series of hills and valleys, would the gyri be the hills or valleys? What about the sulci?
What is gyri are the hills and the sulci are the valley. (A sulcus, singular, is a groove that separates gyri.
What is the basic functional unit of the nervous system?
What is reflex arc.
This area receives and localizes general sensations from the entire body.
What is primary somatic sensory area.
This area interprets the basics of sound such as pitch and volume.
What is the primary auditory area.
What is primary motor cortex.
The brainstem is formed by what 3 parts?
What is medulla oblongata, the pons, and the midbrain.
Those functions of the body necessary for life on a minute-to-minute basis, for example, breathing or the heart's beating.
What is vital functions.
The _____________is much larger in humans than other vertebraes. This deals with higher level functions of the body. This includes interpreting the signals sent from the sensory receptors in the body, reasoning, and memory.
What is cerebrum.
What is the purpose of the reflex arc?
This area interprets the sensory information and puts it into context with your past experiences.
What is the somatic sensory association area.
This area initiates the muscle movements for speech.
This lobe is involved in motor function and smell. It is involved in mood, emotions, foresight, and memory.
What is frontal lobe.
What produces and contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which cushions and protects the brains.
What is the ventricles.
Collections of neuron cell bodies.
What is gray matter.
This part of the brain is a major relay station. Afferent axons synapse with other neurons in the ___________.
What is thalamus.
What is the value of the spinal cord coordinating the reflex arc, instead of the brain?
What is a reflex arc involving the spinal cord allows your muscles to react more quickly than they would if neural message had to travel all the way to the bbrain and back before a response could occur.
This area recognizes the meaning of visual information by putting it into context with your past experiences.
What is visual association area.
This area interprets taste.
What is taste area.
This lobe is involved in the senses of hearing and smell. It plays a role in memory and abstract thoughts.
What is the temporal lobe.
What controls the pituitary gland?
What is hypothalamus.
Bundles of parallel axons and their sheaths.
What is white matter.
This forms of bridge between the medulla and the upper brain stem. It also has several nuclei that relay messages between the cerebrum and the cerebellum. Furthermore, it contains nuclei that is involved in ventilation.
What is the pons.
In a reflex arc involving pain, an _______________ neuron from a pain receptor sends a sign to an _____________ neuron in the spinal cord. The ____________ neuron immediately send a signal down the _______________ neuron which controls the appropriate muscle which will move the body part away from the painful stimulus.
This area deals with the comprehension of speech.
What is the Wernicke's area.
This area is the site of motivation and foresight; regulates mood and emotion, inhibits implusive behavior.
What is prefrontal area.
This lobe integrates visual sensory information.
What is the occipital lobe.
The decussation of neurons takes place in the __________.
What is the medulla oblongata.
Connections of neuron axons which allow the two hemispheres of the brain to communicate with one another.
What is commissures.
Superior to the pons, is the ____________________. Reflexes that cause you to turn toward the source of a sudden sound or to look directly at someting that catches your eye are controlled by the nuclei in this part of the brain.
What is midbrain.
Explain how the brain can control a skeletal muscle, which is controlled by a pain reflex arc.
What is the association neuron in a pain reflex arc forms a converging circuit along with brain neurons, which synapse at the cell body. That way, both the reflex arc and the brain can control the muscle.
This area interprets the meaning of sound by placing it into context with your past experiences.
What is the auditory association area.
This area works out the sequence of signals needed for learned complex motion.
What is premotor area.
This lobe handles all sensory information except that of smell, vision, and hearing.
What is parietal lobe.