The Communication Process
This is the medium by which a message is delivered to an audience.
What is the Channel?
This is the very first step in the speechmaking process.
What is choosing a topic?
This signals that a speaker has finished one thought and is moving to the next.
What is a transition?
This rhetorical appeal focuses on logic, data, and cost-benefit analysis.
What is logos?
A lawyer urging a jury to acquit a client is an example of ___________ speaking, not informative.
What is persuasive or advocacy?
Distractions like hunger during a speech are classified as this specific type of noise.
What is physiological noise?
Use this process if you are having trouble determining the a topic or a specific purpose.
What is brainstorming?
What is an internal summary?
This appeal focuses on the speaker's perceived character, expertise, and trustworthiness.
What is ethos?
Organizing a speech by "The Founding", "The 20th Century", and "Today" is this type of organizational style.
What is chronological?
This is the most important non-verbal element in North American culture because it signals honesty and establishes a bond.
What is eye contact?
This is the longest and most important part of any speech.
Good delivery should sound conversational even though it has been _____________.
Rehearsed
To remain objective, an informative speaker must avoid this.
What is advocacy?
Besides clarity, this is a primary reason to use visual aids.
When a speaker's words say they are "excited" but their voice is monotone, which message is the audience more likely to believe?
Non-verbal/Body Language
To make speech memorable, use this technique in the conclusion to refer back to the attention-getter.
What is a circular reference?
These should be minimized because they distract the audience to reduce perceived credibility.
What are vocalized pauses? (Um, uh, so, like, etc.)
This theory explains why an audience might feel psychological discomfort when a speaker contradicts their beliefs.
What is cognitive dissonance?
True or False: Public speaking requires the same method of delivery as ordinary conversation.
False
This specific non-verbal channel of communication refers to the use of space.
What are proxemics?
True or False: The introduction of a speech should usually be prepared before the body.
False
This vocal habit - ending sentences with a rising pitch - hurts a speaker's authority and credibility.
What is uptalking?
This is the rule for when you should include oral citations in a speech.
Identify one ethical responsibility of an audience member.
(Depends)