Gerunds
Give an example of a gerund. (It doesn't have to be a sentence. Just the gerund.)
Examples: running, smoking, studying
Give an example of an infinitive. It doesn't have to be a sentence. Just an infinitive.
Examples: to run, to jump, to swim
Is this sentence a real conditional?
If it rains, I will bring an umbrella.
Yes, it is!
Is this sentence an unreal conditional?
If Benjamin were not studying in the US now, he would be studying in France.
Yes, it is!
True or False:
A wish is something that we would like but is not true.
True!
Make a sentence that contains a gerund.
Example:
Running is my favorite way to exercise.
Make a sentence that contains an infinitive.
Example:
I hate to cook.
Tell why this sentence is a real conditional:
If babies cry, their parents usually pick them up.
It is a real conditional because it describes what really happens as a result of another action.
Tell why this sentence is an unreal conditional:
George wouldn't have caught a cold if he had worn a jacket last night.
This is an unreal conditional because it expresses what might have happened if something else had happened first. However, the first thing did not happen, so neither did the second one.
True or False:
The word "wish" and the word "hope" mean the same thing. They can be used in the same way.
False! To wish is to want something that isn't true. To hope is to want something that might be true in the future.
Make a sentence that contains a gerund after another verb.
Example:
I enjoy reading.
Make a sentence that contains an infinitive after another verb.
Example: I like to play sports.
Make a real conditional sentence using the verb in parentheses:
If Byoung wins the lottery next week, he (buy) _______ a new car.
If Byoung wins the lottery next week, he will buy a new car.
Make an unreal conditional sentence using the verb in parentheses:
If James always (pay) _________ his bills on time, he wouldn't be so worried about them.
If James always (pay) paid his bills on time, he wouldn't be so worried about them.
Choose the correct verb tense:
Elena wishes she _____ to the concert last weekend. She heard it was amazing.
a) had gone
b) went
a) had gone
Is this sentence correct?
We always appreciate getting help with our yard work.
Yes, it is correct. We use a gerund after "appreciate."
Is this sentence correct?
Athletes can't help to feel nervous before an important sports event.
No. We use a gerund after "can't help."
Make a real conditional sentence using the verbs in parentheses:
Leila (visit) _____ her grand children every summer if they (visit, not) _____ her.
Leila visits her grandchildren every summer if they do not visit her.
Make an unreal conditional sentence using the verbs in parentheses:
You are so unhappy at work. I (quit) _____ my job if I (hate) _____mine as much as you hate yours.
You are so unhappy at work. I (quit) would quit my job if I (hate) hated as much as you hate yours.
Fill in the sentence with the verb in parentheses:
I wish my son (be) _____ going to move to Australia. I will miss him so much!
I wish my son (be) weren't going to move to Australia. I will miss him so much!
Make a sentence in which you could use a gerund or an infinitive, but the meaning is different. Explain the difference in meaning.
Example:
I stopped smoking. = I quit smoking.
I stopped to smoke. = I was doing something else, then took a break to smoke.
Make two sentences with "regret." In the first sentence, follow "regret" with a gerund. In the second sentence, follow "regret" with an infinitive.
Example:
I regret eating so much at dinner.
I regret to inform you that you have failed the test.
Make a real conditional sentence about this situation:
Some children are late for school every day. Describe what the teacher does as a result.
Example: If children are late for school every day, the teacher calls their parents.
Make an unreal conditional sentence about this situation:
Madeleine missed her flight, so she is feeling angry and frustrated.
If Madeleine hadn't missed her flight, she wouldn't be feeling angry and frustrated.
Make a sentence with "wish" to express this situation:
Khalid is only 30. His hair is turning grey. He does not like this.
Khalid's hair is turning grey, but he wishes it weren't. He's only 30.