The Monster inside me
Environmental Organisms
Designated Hosts
Opportunists
Terminology
Diagnostics
100
This gram negative rod can be part of both oral and vaginal flora. It can also cause LeMierre's syndrome where it works on concert with Group A Streptococcus to cause damage to neck veins including the jugular vein in young adults
What is Fusobacterium spp
100
This yeast is all around in the environment. It can cause meningitis in severely immunocompromised patients
What is Cryptococcus neoformans
100
Transmitted by tick. Reservoir of infection are white footed mouse and deer
What is Babesia microti
100
What is the name of the family of viruses that cause hand, foot, and mouth disease?
What is Cocksackie A virus?
100
N-Acetyl-Cysteine
What is the liquefying agent for processing samples for AFB cultures
100
A formed stool is received in the laboratory at 10:30 pm for ova and parasite exam. The night technologist is certain that the workload will prevent examination of the specimen until 7 am when the day shift arrives. The tech should:
What is preserve the specimen in formalin until it can be examined
200
This bacteria can cause disfigurement on extremities and face. It will not grow outside the body and can only be diagnosed by finding the organism in skin biopsies.
What is Mycobacterium leprae
200
This bacterial comes from soil and water and can cause an acid fast infection in immunocompromised patients (such as AIDS), and smokers. It grows slowly and can cause cavitary lung disease similar to its more pathogenic cousin
What is Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC)
200
Cats are designated hosts
What is Toxoplasma gondii
200
This photochromogenic, slow growing acid fast bacilli causes "swimming pool granulomas" and likes 28-32 degrees centigrade better than 37 degrees centigrade.
What is Mycobacterium marinum
200
The best way to process AFB respiratory culture when it contains lots of Pseudomonas is
What is oxalic acid
200
What is the diagnostic procedure to detect this egg
What is first morning tape prep?
300
What is Entomoeba histolytica/dispar
300
This flagellate is sometimes encountered by drinking clear cold un-filtered stream water. Because of this it's nickname is Beaver Fever
What is Giardia duodenalis (lamblia)
300
Humans are designated hosts of this tapeworm. Humans can also serve as an intermediate host depending on what part of the lifecycle is ingested. If the cysticerci is eaten in undercooked pork, then the tapeworm will start shedding proglottids in about 5 weeks. When the human acts as the intermediate host, the person becomes infected by ingesting eggs in contaminated food or water. The eggs hatch and penetrate the intestinal mucosa and are carried by the blood supply and may lodge in any organ. When it lodges in the CNS, you get neurocystercosis.
What is Taenia solium
300
This mold has only one form. It is a mold and lives outside EVERYWHERE. It is called a phaeoid fungus which means that it has melanin in its cell walls and macroconnidia. Usually people inhale the spores and get sinusitis which doesn't respond to bacterial antibiotics. What is it?
Wwhat
300
Scotochromagen
What is an acid fast bacilli which produces yellow pigment when it's grown in the dark or the light
300
Is the best way to diagnose a viral infection:
a) cytopathic effect on cell culture
b)intranuclear inclusion in RBCs
c) cell lysis of sheep RBCs
d) presence of mononuclear inflammatory cells
What is Cytopathic effect on cell culture?
400
This apicomplexa parasite are spread by the Anopheles mosquito. There are 6 types of this organism that have humans as the designated host and the mosquito as the intermediate host. What is the name of the type that causes the most severe disease.
What is Plasmodium falciparum
400
Which organism is the most common anaerobic bacteria isolated from infectious process of soft tissue and anaerobic bacteremia?
What is Bacteroides fragilis?
400
Canids are designated hosts. Ungulates are an intermediate host and humans are a dead end hosts in which a Hydatid cyst can form
What is Echinococcus species
400
What is the clinical presentation of HHV8
What is Kaposi's Sarcoma?
400
Progottid
What is a segment of a tapeworm?
400
Name two reasons a susceptibility would be set up on an anaerobe
1) sterile site
2) Bacteria species or genus has shown un-predictable susceptibility pattern
3) The bacteria is virulent
500
This mold has only 1 phase. and they are known for inhabiting new construction sites because they're spores can float anywhere. It grows fairly fast but we can also test for it using B-galactomannan. It's surface is blue/green reverse= tan/white. It usually only infects patients who are immunosuppressed. If the wrong sample is submitted, its hard to determine if its an infection versus if it was just inhaled and stuck in mucous of the URT. BAL, lung samples, and Sputum suctions are much better.
What
is Apergillus fumaigatusS
500
This environmental organism can cause infections from puncture wounds caused by objects in the environment. This gram positive rod with terminal spores cause lockjaw, but we don't see it often because there is a vaccine
What is Clostridium tetani
500
This lung fluke has two intermediate hosts. The snail ingests the egg which turns into a cercaria which a crab ingests, and then a carnivore eats undercooked crabs and the juvenile fluke is within the crab. The juvenile fluke stays in the intestines for 5-7 days and then penetrates the intestinal wall and enters the peritoneum. It then penetrates the diaphram and enters the pleural cavity. In 70 days the fluke is mature and starts producing eggs.
What is Paragonimus westermanii
500
Colds and other acute respiratory diseases are most often associated with:
What is Adenovirus?
500
Phaeoid
What is a mold that has melanin in its hyphae and sexual structures so it looks dark both microscopically and macroscoppically
500
What is the best way to identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis in a processed respiratory sample directly after finding positive smear?
What is Molecular testing?
600
Primary Amoebic Encephalitis is caused by:
What is Naegleria fowleri
600
This di-morphic mold causes infections through puncture wounds. It is a yeast that is cigar-shaped inside the body and outside the body it has fine hyaline hyphae with rosettes at the tip of long sporagiophores.
What is Sporothrix schneckii
600
What is the animal reservoir of West Nile Virus?
What are birds?
600
Which test is the primary screening test for HIV
1) serum enzyme linked immunoabsorbent assay
2) western blot
3) Quantitative HIV RNA
4) CD4 count
600
What are arthroconnidia
600
In a patient that has been vaccinated several years prior for Hepatitis B, which serological marker would be expected?
What is anti-HBs?