Metabolism and Obesity
Your RQ value is 1.0. You're primarily metabolizing this macronutrient.
Carbohydrates
This sweetest monosaccharide is found in fruits.
Fructose
These determine if a fatty acid is saturated or unsaturated.
What are double bonds?
Daily protein needed for resistance training.
What is 1.6-2.2 g/kg/day?
This deficiency causes scurvy.
Vitamin C
critical for thyroid function.
Iodine
thiamine deficiency causes this condition.
beriberi
This transports dietary lipids from intestine to cells.
What are chylomicrons?
Location of majority nutrient absorption.
What is the small intestine?
Primary function of phosphorus.
What is energy metabolism (ATP)?
This paradox suggests being overweight or obese is associated with longer survival in several health conditions, challenging traditional weight-health relationships.
What is the obesity paradox?
This contribute most to male resting metabolism.
skeletal muscle
Daily minimum carbs needed to prevent ketone production.
50-100g
This fatty acid is considered hypercholesterolemic.
What is palmitic acid?
This milk-based protein digests faster than casein.
whey
This vitamin requires sunlight for synthesis.
Vitamin D
Highest concentration found in Brazil nuts.
selenium
Niacin deficiency primarily affects this system.
What is the digestive system?
Can also say nervous system
this indicates fat oxidation exceeds consumption.
What is RQ < FQ?
Organ that produces bile.
liver
Main function of iron in body.
What is oxygen transport in blood?
This type of obesity has increased cell size rather than number.
hypertrophic
This organ is the primary producer of ketone bodies.
Liver
This omega-3 is a precursor to EPA and DHA.
What is Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA)?
These amino acids become essential under certain conditions.
What are conditionally essential amino acids?
Required for B12 absorption.
Intrinsic factor
Absorption inhibited by phytates.
zinc
This deficiency causes muscle cramps and spasms.
What is magnesium deficiency?
This demonstrates how exercise affects glucose uptake.
What is GLUT-4 transporter activation?
Best source of heme iron.
beef
Primary function of zinc.
What is protein synthesis and immune function?
This age range is critical for preventing fat cell proliferation.
2-10 years old
This happens to glucose uptake in muscle cells during exercise.
What is increased uptake independent of insulin?
These triglycerides bypass lymphatic system and go straight to liver.
What are medium-chain triglycerides?
This is used to determine protein requirements.
What is nitrogen balance?
Most associated with depression.
Vitamin D
Best absorbed with Vitamin C.
iron
This group is at highest risk for B12 deficiency.
Who are vegetarians and vegans?
This explains the relationship between fitness and body size.
What is fitness being a better predictor of longevity?
methods of sodium absorption.
What are sodium-glucose transport, sodium-hydrogen exchange, and electrogenic channels?
System most affected by pellagra.
What is the digestive system?
This explains how dieting increases body fat accumulation.
Fat overshooting
This metabolic pathway processes excess dietary carbohydrates into fat.
What is De Novo Lipogenesis?
This effect occurs when trans fats decrease HDL and increase LDL.
What is atherogenic dyslipidemia?
This explains why older adults need more protein.
built resistance to normal anabolic Stimuli, need to build muscle.
This form indicates Vitamin D status.
What is 25-hydroxyvitamin D?
xcess blood potassium condition.
What is hyperkalemia?
This condition occurs with impaired clotting protein activation.
What is Vitamin K deficiency?
This theory explains weight cycling harm.
What is repeated overshoot theory?
Process linking monosaccharides to form disaccharides.
What is condensation?
How Vitamin K affects arterial health.
What is preventing vascular calcification?