Assessment & Critical thinking Skills
The process of analyzing health data and drawing conclusions to identify diagnoses
What is diagnostic reasoning?
What are open ended questions?
Heat/ice, transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation, massage therapy, physiotherapy, distraction techniques.
What are nonpharmacological interventions for pain management?
Frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal.
Crackles (rales), wheezes (rhonchi), Stridor.
What are adventitious lung sounds?
Practice of assessment, diagnosis, outcome identification, planning, implementation and evaluation
What is the nursing process?
Responses involving silence, empathy, reflection, clarification, interpretation and summary.
What are verbal responses of the interviewer for assisting the narrative?
Non-opioids, Moderate Opioids, Strong Opioids, Interventions.
What are pharmacological interventions in the WHO pain management ladder?
The cranial nerves that are responsible for movement of the tongue, phonation, swallowing, taste and the carotid reflex.
What are the glossopharyngeal and hypolgossal nerves?
Inspection, palpation, percussion, auscultation
What is the order for physical assessment of the cardio-respiratory systems?
Problems related to airway, breathing, cardiac/ circulation and vital signs; may be life-threatening emergencies
What is a first level problem?
Physical appearance, posture, gestures, facial expressions.
What are non-verbal skills?
Pain that originates in one location but is felt at another site. For example, an inflamed appendix (right lower abdomen) may cause pain in the periumbilical region.
What is referred pain?
Symptoms of sudden weakness, numbness in the face, arms or legs, sudden confusion, trouble speaking or understanding speech, sudden changes in vision, trouble walking, dizziness or loss of balance, sudden severe headache.
What are the most common symptoms of stroke?
Standard communication tool used to relay abnormal findings in patient assessment.
What is SBAR?
The complete health history and results of a physical examination.
What is the total health database?
Providing false assurance or reassurance, giving unwanted advice, using authority, using avoidance language, using professional jargon, using leading or biased questions and talking too much.
What are some of the 10 traps of interviewing? p. 53
The specialized nerve endings that detect painful sensations from the periphery and transmit them to the CNS.
What are nociceptors?
Acute decline in cognition and attention that usually develops over a period of hours or days.
What is delirium?
A blowing, swishing sound indicating blood flow turbulence in the carotid artery.
What is presence of a bruit?
Unconditional positive regard, empathy and active listening.
What are communication skills to cultivate for interviewing?
Be polite and formal. Use simple words. Pantomine words and simple actions while you verbalize them. Discuss one topic at a time. Validate understanding by asking the patient to repeat instructions or demonstrate the procedure.
What is how to communicate when there is a language barrier and no interpreter is available?
Perception of pain that occurs in four phases: transduction, transmission, perception and modulation.
What is nociception?
CAM, MMSE, MOCA, Geriatric Depression Scale
What are common Cognitive Assessment instruments?
Liver, gallbadder, head of pancreas, right kidney and adrenal, parts of ascending and transverse colon.
What are organs located in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen?