Garnering social acceptance and securing and improving its position in the social group.
What is the primary function of the self?
100
People's efforts to portray themselves in a particular way to others.
What is impression management?
100
A wide range of subjective judgments
What is an attitude.
100
Certain forms of prosocial behavior that are beneficial to the recipient and costly to the helper can evolve when the benefit B to the individual being helped is greater than the cost C to the helper, discounted by a coefficient of relatedness r between the helper and the individual being helped.
What is kin altruism?
100
The tendency for people to render less assistance in an emergency as the number of others increases
What is the bystander effect?
200
People's willingness to accept random feedback from ostensible experts as accurate characterization of their personalities.
What is the "Barnum Effect?"
200
The preference for favorable information about the self.
What is self-enhancement.
200
Highlights social norms as an important determinant of behavior.
What is the theory or reasoned actions?
200
The likelihood is greater than zero that the recipient of help will be disposed to help the benefactor in the future if the need arises.
What is direct reciprocity?
200
When one's emotions, opinions, or behaviors are affected by others.
What is social influence?
300
A single, coherent, integrated idea that incorporates self-knowledge.
What is the self-concept?
300
People assign more responsibility to external causes for failure than for successes when thinking about themselves.
What is the self-serving bias?
300
An object-evaluation association and the knowledge structures linked to it in memory.
What is attitude structure?
300
A benefactor acquires a good reputation for providing help to people in need.
What is indirect reciprocity?
300
Parental modeling of prosocial behavior, providing reasoned explanations to children when asking them to change their behavior, parental authoritativeness, positivity, and emotional availability
What are methods for fostering prosocial behavior?
400
Reflexive consciousness, interpersonal relations, and making choices and exerting control
What are the basic roots of selfhood.
400
The preference to acquire clear, unambiguous information about the self.
What is diagnosticity?
400
The attitudes of people who are motivated and able to think about a message are influenced by their own thoughts following an assessment of the merits of the appeal, but when they are relatively unmotivated to think, attitudes are influenced by their reaction to simple cues in the persuasion setting.
What is the Elaboration Likelihood Model?
400
People help others to reduce their own distress by experiencing the countervailing positive emotions that come from helping someone in need.
What is "negative state relief?"
400
Feelings of competence, group cohesiveness, having only one person witness an event, education
What are factors that decrease the bystander effect?
500
People learn about themselves much as they learn about others, by observing behaviors and making inferences.
What is self-perception theory?
500
Feelings and beliefs about the self that are often confused, contradictory, and fluctuating including lacking a stable self image and increased emotional lability.
What is low self-esteem?
500
Attitudes are more accessible, associated with high levels of knowledge, associated with low levels of ambivalence, high levels of confidence, and perceived as personally important.
When are attitudes difficult to change?
500
Agreeableness, belief in a just world, empathy, internal locus of control.
What are prosocial personality traits?
500
Decreased population density, time, lack of ambiguity.
What are environmental and social factors that increase prosocial behavior?