Reading
In studying the use of external stimuli to reduce the itching sensation caused by an allergic histamine response, Louise Ward and colleagues found that while harmless applications of vibration or warming can provide a temporary distraction, such ______blank stimuli actually offer less relief than a stimulus that seems less benign, like a mild electric shock.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
A)deceptive
B)innocuous
C) novel
D)impractical
B)innocuous
Thomas Jefferson, in the Declaration of Independence, writes, "We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal." Which rhetorical appeal is he using?
What is ethos?
(He appeals to moral values and shared beliefs.)
Identify the sentence type: "Although she was tired, she continued studying because she wanted to pass her test."
What is a complex sentence?
Which word completes the sentence? "The fog created an eerie a____ that made the old mansion even more mysterious."
What is "aura"?
Where should the comma go in this sentence? "Before the test students should review their notes."
What is "Before the test, students should review their notes"?
New and interesting research conducted by Suleiman A. Al-Sweedan and Moath Alhaj is inspired by their observation that though there have been many studies of the effect of high altitude on blood chemistry, there is a ______blank studies of the effect on blood chemistry of living in locations below sea level, such as the California towns of Salton City and Seeley.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?
A. quarrel about
B.paucity of
C.profusion of
D. verisimilitude in
B.paucity of
Question: In her speech "Ain’t I a Woman?" Sojourner Truth repeats the phrase "Ain’t I a woman?" at the beginning of multiple sentences. What rhetorical device is she using?
What is anaphora? (The repetition of a phrase at the beginning of successive sentences.)
Which sentence is correct?
A) Neither of the students were late.
B) Neither of the students was late.
What is "Neither of the students was late"? (Singular agreement with "neither.")
If someone is "irrevocable" in their decision, what does that mean?
What is "it cannot be changed or taken back"?
Which sentence correctly shows possession?
A) The childrens’ playground is newly renovated.
B) The children’s playground is newly renovated.
What is B ("The children’s playground is newly renovated")? (Children is already plural; the apostrophe goes before the "s.")
Given that stars and planets initially form from the same gas and dust in space, some astronomers have posited that host stars (such as the Sun) and their planets (such as those in our solar system) are composed of the same materials, with the planets containing equal or smaller quantities of the materials that make up the host star. This idea is also supported by evidence that rocky planets in our solar system are composed of some of the same materials as the Sun.
Which finding, if true, would most directly weaken the astronomers’ claim?
A- Most stars are made of hydrogen and helium, but when cooled they are revealed to contain small amounts of iron and silicate.
B- A nearby host star is observed to contain the same proportion of hydrogen and helium as that of the Sun.
C-Evidence emerges that the amount of iron in some rocky planets is considerably higher than the amount in their host star.
D- The method for determining the composition of rocky planets is discovered to be less effective when used to analyze other kinds of planets.
C-Evidence emerges that the amount of iron in some rocky planets is considerably higher than the amount in their host star.
Winston Churchill, in a famous speech, said: "We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets." What rhetorical device is he using?
What is parallelism? (Repeating a similar sentence structure for emphasis and rhythm.)
What is wrong with this sentence? "Walking through the park, the flowers looked beautiful."
What is a dangling modifier? (It sounds like the flowers are walking instead of a person.)
What is the difference between "insular" and "inscrutable"?
"Insular" means isolated or narrow-minded, while "inscrutable" means mysterious or difficult to understand.
Which sentence correctly uses a colon?
A) I need to buy the following: eggs, milk, and bread.
B) I need to buy the following: eggs, milk ;and bread.
A) I need to buy the following: eggs, milk, and bread.
While attending school in New York City in the 1980s, Okwui Enwezor encountered few works by African artists in exhibitions, despite New York’s reputation as one of the best places to view contemporary art from around the world. According to an arts journalist, later in his career as a renowned curator and art historian, Enwezor sought to remedy this deficiency, not by focusing solely on modern African artists, but by showing how their work fits into the larger context of global modern art and art history.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support the journalist’s claim?
A- As curator of the Haus der Kunst in Munich, Germany, Enwezor organized a retrospective of Ghanaian sculptor El Anatsui’s work entitled El Anatsui: Triumphant Scale, one of the largest art exhibitions devoted to a Black artist in Europe’s history.
B-In the exhibition Postwar: Art Between the Pacific and the Atlantic, 1945–1965, Enwezor and cocurator Katy Siegel brought works by African artists such as Malangatana Ngwenya together with pieces by major figures from other countries, like US artist Andy Warhol and Mexico’s David Siqueiros.
C- Enwezor’s work as curator of the 2001 exhibition The Short Century: Independence and Liberation Movements in Africa, 1945–1994 showed how African movements for independence from European colonial powers following the Second World War profoundly influenced work by African artists of the period, such as Kamala Ibrahim Ishaq and Thomas Mukarobgwa.
D- Enwezor organized the exhibition In/sight: African Photographers, 1940 to the Present not to emphasize a particular aesthetic trend but to demonstrate the broad range of ways in which African artists have approached the medium of photography.
B-In the exhibition Postwar: Art Between the Pacific and the Atlantic, 1945–1965, Enwezor and cocurator Katy Siegel brought works by African artists such as Malangatana Ngwenya together with pieces by major figures from other countries, like US artist Andy Warhol and Mexico’s David Siqueiros.
: In his "I Have a Dream" speech, Martin Luther King Jr. references the Declaration of Independence when he says, "This note was a promise that all men, yes, black men as well as white men, would be guaranteed the unalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." What rhetorical device is he using?
What is allusion? (He refers to a well-known historical document to strengthen his argument.)
Which sentence correctly follows pronoun-antecedent agreement?
A) Everyone should bring their books to class.
B) Everyone should bring his or her books to class.
What is "Everyone should bring his or her books to class" (B)? ("Everyone" is singular, so it requires "his or her," not "their.")
Which word correctly completes this sentence? "The contract contained a c____ to warn against early termination."
What is "caveat"?
The paragraph below contains multiple punctuation errors. Identify and correct them.
Last summer I went on a road trip with my friends it was an amazing experience we visited several national parks including Yellowstone Grand Canyon and Yosemite. On the first day we drove 10 hours, we were exhausted by the time we arrived at our campsite. However the view of the mountains took our breath away. My friend Sarah said "Ive never seen anything this beautiful". We spent our days hiking swimming in the lakes and taking pictures. At night, we sat around the campfire telling stories roasting marshmallows and looking at the stars. It was a trip ill never forget.
Correction:
Last summer, I went on a road trip with my friends. It was an amazing experience! We visited several national parks, including Yellowstone, the Grand Canyon, and Yosemite. On the first day, we drove 10 hours; we were exhausted by the time we arrived at our campsite. However, the view of the mountains took our breath away. My friend Sarah said, "I've never seen anything this beautiful." We spent our days hiking, swimming in the lakes, and taking pictures. At night, we sat around the campfire, telling stories, roasting marshmallows, and looking at the stars. It was a trip I'll never forget.
The Arctic-Alpine Botanic Garden in Norway and the Jardim Botânico of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil are two of many botanical gardens around the world dedicated to growing diverse plant ______blank fostering scientific research; and educating the public about plant conservation.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
A-species, both native and nonnative,
B-species, both native and nonnative;
C- species; both native and nonnative,
D- species both native and nonnative,
A-species, both native and nonnative,
In his Second Inaugural Address, Abraham Lincoln states, "Both read the same Bible and pray to the same God, and each invokes His aid against the other." What rhetorical device is used to highlight the irony of a divided nation?
What is juxtaposition? (Lincoln contrasts the North and South’s shared religious beliefs with their opposing war efforts to emphasize the moral complexity of the Civil War.)
Identify the appositive in this sentence: "Harper Lee, the author of To Kill a Mockingbird, won the Pulitzer Prize."
What is "the author of To Kill a Mockingbird"?
If someone "extricates" themselves from a situation, what are they doing?
What is "removing themselves from difficulty or entanglement"?
The paragraph below contains multiple punctuation errors, including issues with commas, semicolons, colons, dashes, quotation marks, apostrophes, and run-on sentences. Identify and correct them.
Many students believe that punctuation isn’t important however they quickly realize its significance when their writing becomes confusing. Take for example my friend Jake who failed his history essay because his teacher couldn’t understand where one idea ended and another began. He wrote The Declaration of Independence, which was signed in 1776 was a turning point in American history but the British saw it as an act of rebellion his sentences ran on and on. Even worse he included a quote from Thomas Jefferson without any punctuation at all. Jefferson famously wrote We hold these truths to be self evident that all men are created equal. The teacher wrote on his paper “You need to fix your punctuation errors otherwise, I can’t follow your argument” however Jake didn’t know where to start. He asked me for advice and I told him “First you need to read your sentences aloud they’ll sound off if they’re missing proper punctuation”. He started revising and realized wow I’ve been making the same mistakes over and over again. After spending two hours editing his essay he finally turned it in, and when he got it back, he was thrilled to see an A- at the top.
Corrected Version:
Many students believe that punctuation isn’t important; however, they quickly realize its significance when their writing becomes confusing. Take, for example, my friend Jake, who failed his history essay because his teacher couldn’t understand where one idea ended and another began. He wrote, "The Declaration of Independence, which was signed in 1776, was a turning point in American history; but the British saw it as an act of rebellion." His sentences ran on and on. Even worse, he included a quote from Thomas Jefferson without any punctuation at all. Jefferson famously wrote, "We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal." The teacher wrote on his paper, "You need to fix your punctuation errors; otherwise, I can’t follow your argument." However, Jake didn’t know where to start. He asked me for advice, and I told him, "First, you need to read your sentences aloud—they’ll sound off if they’re missing proper punctuation." He started revising and realized, "Wow, I’ve been making the same mistakes over and over again!" After spending two hours editing his essay, he finally turned it in. When he got it back, he was thrilled to see an A- at the top.