Definitions
What is the throat
pharynx
What is rhinitis?
inflammation of the mucous membranes lining the nasal passages.
During an attack, the bronchi constrict, making breathing difficult; this may also cause coughing and wheezing
Asthma
What are the diagnostic tests that measure lung function and capacity?
pulmonary function test (PFT)
Maintaining proper nutrition and hydration, including eating a diet rich in vitamin C, calcium, potassium, and phosphorous is what kind of knowledge?
common
What is a two-layered membrane covering the lungs?
pleura
What is an upper respiratory infection?
a viral or bacterial infection of the nose, sinuses, or throat; a cold is one example.
Signs/symptoms include a high fever, chills, cough (producing green or yellow sputum), chest pains, and rapid pulse.
pneumonia
What devices can an MA be assigned to help a patient with? (name atleast 3)
Metered dose inhalers
Spacers
Nebulizers
Oxygen therapy equipment (dosage must be ordered by the provider)
What shouldn't patients do that can destroy the lungs and give them popcorn lung?
smoke or vape
What is the voice box?
Larynx
What is laryngitis, and what causes laryngitis?
an inflammation of the larynx, and Smoke and overuse of the voice
A permanent condition in which the bronchial tubes are abnormally enlarged
bronchiectasis
What can be measured during a pulmonary function test? (If you choose one, it counts)
Tidal volume: the amount of air that flows into and leaves the lungs during respirations
Residual volume: the amount of air that remains in the lungs after the patient has exhaled.
Total lung capacity: the maximum amount of air that a person can inhale.
Vital capacity: the amount of air that a person can exhale slowly after inhaling as much as possible.
Forced vital capacity: the maximum amount of air that a person can exhale quickly and forcefully after inhaling as much as possible.
Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR): the maximum speed at which a person can exhale air from the lungs.
What can MAs be assigned to talk about what to parents about their children?
Choking hazards
What are the three sets of lymphatic tissue located in the oropharynx?
tonsils
What is generally accompanied by snoring, enlarged tonsils, and body weight may be a factor?
Sleep apnea
Weakened immune system, malnutrition, cancer, HIV/AIDS, alcoholism, and drug abuse are risk factors.
Tuberculosis
What are the steps that may be involved in a provider’s examination of the respiratory system?
Checking respiratory effort and skin color
Having the patient perform walking tests to measure exercise tolerance
Pulse oximetry to measure oxygen saturation
Auscultation of the lungs
What are the educational facts about choking? (name atleast 4)
Grapes and cherries should be sliced into four pieces (and pits/seeds removed).
Hot dogs should be sliced into rounds and then each round sliced into four pieces.
Hard vegetables should be cooked until they are soft.
Meats should be chopped finely, ground, or pureed.
Cheese should be served in thin slices.
Small children should not be given hard candies, popcorn, nuts, marshmallows, or chewing gum.
Small toys, loose buttons, and loose eyes on stuffed animals are also a choking risk.
What are the smaller branches from the bronchi, tubes that carry air further into the lungs, reaching the air sacs (alveoli)?
bronchioles
What can cause hospitalization may be required in severe cases (more likely for patients who are very young or very old).
Influenza
MAs should know these facts about lung cancer
Abnormal cells or tumors develop in the lungs.
Leading cause of cancer deaths in the US
Symptoms include chronic cough, shortness of breath, and bloody sputum.
Smoking is a serious risk factor
Diagnosed using chest X-ray and sputum analysis
Treatment depends on the severity of the disease.
What are the sounds to describe lung sounds?
Crackles/Rales are rattling sounds.
Rhonchi are low-pitched snoring sounds.
Wheezes are high-pitched whistling sounds.
What may MAs need to educate patients about these CPAP equipment guidelines?
Use the CPAP machine consistently while sleeping.
Clean the mask and tubing as directed and to use the recommended detergent.
Clean the air filter as directed and to allow it to air-dry.
Replace the mask and tubing as directed by the manufacturer.
Manage supply refills as needed.