Endocrine System Basics
The primary role of the endocrine system
What is to regulate bodily functions through hormones?
The part of the brain that controls the pituitary gland, and how does it influence its activity.
What is The hypothalamus controls the pituitary gland by releasing specific hormones that either stimulate or inhibit the release of pituitary hormones
This hormone is primarily responsible for regulating metabolism.
What is T3 and T4?
The primary function of the adrenal glands is.
What is to produce hormones like adrenaline and cortisol, which help the body respond to stress?
The hormone that regulates blood sugar levels by promoting glucose uptake.
What is Insulin
This gland is located in the neck area around the trachea.
What is the thyroid gland
This is function of oxytocin during childbirth, and how is it released?
What is to cause uterine contractions and is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to signals from the hypothalamus.
This hormone triggers the release of thyroid hormones in the thyroid gland.
What is Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).
This hormone regulates sodium and potassium levels in the blood.
What is Aldosterone.
This hormone is produced by the pancreas to raise blood glucose levels.
What is Glucogon?
The feedback loop is typically involved in stopping the release of hormones.
What is the negative feedback loop?
The hormone is involved in water balance and is released from the posterior pituitary in response to dehydration.
What is Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)?
These are the effects of thyroid hormones in the body and how it happens.
What is Thyroid hormone increases heart rate by enhancing the effects of adrenaline on the cardiovascular system.
The role of Cortisol during stress.
What is increasing blood glucose levels and suppresses the immune response to provide energy and maintain homeostasis under stress?
The thyroid gland releases the hormone to lower calcium levels in the blood.
What is Calcitonin?
This hormone is responsible for stimulating milk production.
What is Prolactin?
This hormone, released by the hypothalamus, triggers the release of LH and FSH in the gonadal pathway.
What is Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)?
This is the role of iodine in thyroid hormone production
What is Iodine is essential for the synthesis of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4). Without enough iodine, the thyroid cannot produce adequate hormone levels, potentially leading to goiter.
This hormone is released by the adrenal medulla in response to stress.
What is Adrenaline (or epinephrine)?
These are the roles of Insulin and Glucagon.
What is Insulin lowering blood glucose by promoting glucose uptake, while glucagon raises blood glucose by stimulating glucose release from the liver.
This is how the negative feedback loop regulates thyroid hormone levels in the body.
What is High levels of thyroid hormone inhibit the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) from the pituitary gland, which in turn inhibits thyroid hormone production by the thyroid gland, maintaining hormonal balance.
This condition may if/when the pituitary gland releases too much ACTH.
What is Cushing’s syndrome? Characterized by high cortisol levels, weight gain, high blood pressure, and muscle weakness?
These are the two main hormones that are produced by the thyroid gland.
What is Triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).
The role of the hypothalamus in relation to the adrenal stress response.
What is hypothalamus releases corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) to stimulate the release of ACTH from the pituitary, which then acts on the adrenal cortex to release cortisol.
The role of the parathyroid hormone in calcium regulation.
What is PTH raising blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption and increasing calcium reabsorption in the kidneys.